一、安裝
1)添加源
sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
2)安裝Nginx
sudo yum install -y nginx
3)啟動(dòng)Nginx并設(shè)置開機(jī)自動(dòng)運(yùn)行
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
sudo systemctl enable nginx.service
二、配置及使用
1.配置域名映射
于/etc/nginx/conf.d目錄下,增加配置文件www-dev.integration.enjoyor.net.conf(建議配置文件以域名命名,且一個(gè)配置文件配置一個(gè)域名)
upstream integration {
server 192.168.20.106:9980 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=1s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www-dev.integration.enjoyor.net;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/logs/dev.integration.enjoyor.net.access.log main;
error_log /var/log/nginx/logs/dev.integration.enjoyor.net.error.log notice;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 timeout error invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_cookie_path /integrationweb/ /;
proxy_set_header Referer $http_referer;
proxy_set_header Cookie $http_cookie;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://integration/integrationweb/;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
}
重點(diǎn)
1.配置
proxy_pass http://integration/integrationweb/;
upstream name / tomcat war包名
2.權(quán)限
手動(dòng)創(chuàng)建 日志目錄/var/log/nginx/logs ,nginx沒有權(quán)限
2.報(bào)錯(cuò)與解決
1)權(quán)限問題
Nginx * 1 connect() to 192.168.20.106:9980 failed (13: Permission denied)
此處產(chǎn)生問題的原因是:以root用戶的身份操作nginx。從服務(wù)器運(yùn)維的角度,每一個(gè)工具都應(yīng)該創(chuàng)建其對(duì)應(yīng)的用戶,只有該用戶有權(quán)限操作,若都以root權(quán)限操作會(huì)留下安全隱患(攻擊者可從nginx日志獲取root信息,進(jìn)而操作服務(wù)器)。
但此教程作為測(cè)試便不多做限制,快速達(dá)成效果即可。
解決方案如下:
更改nginx用戶
/etc/nginx/目錄下 nginx.conf 文件 user改為root
user root;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
2)網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題
解決方案如下:
解決方法:
一、關(guān)閉SeLinux
查看SELinux狀態(tài):
1、/usr/sbin/sestatus -v ##如果SELinux status參數(shù)為enabled即為開啟狀態(tài)
SELinux status: enabled
2、getenforce ##也可以用這個(gè)命令檢查
關(guān)閉SELinux:
1、臨時(shí)關(guān)閉(不用重啟機(jī)器):
setenforce 0 ##設(shè)置SELinux 成為permissive模式
##setenforce 1 設(shè)置SELinux 成為enforcing模式
2、修改配置文件需要重啟機(jī)器:
修改/etc/selinux/config 文件
將SELINUX=enforcing改為SELINUX=disabled
重啟機(jī)器即可
二、執(zhí)行下面的命令
setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
三、hosts增加DNS解析(用于生產(chǎn)環(huán)境)
c:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc 路徑下 hosts文件增加192.168.20.90(具體DNS服務(wù)器)
會(huì)優(yōu)先以192.168.20.90 配置的 www-dev.integration.enjoyor.net 指向 192.168.20.106的規(guī)則解析域名
cmd 中 ipconfig /flushdns 刷新DNS緩存后生效。
四、hosts添加本地映射(用于開發(fā)環(huán)境)
1.修改hosts文件,讓域名以本地配置的規(guī)則進(jìn)行映射
# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
#192.168.20.90
127.0.0.1 www-dev.integration.enjoyor.net
2.安裝本地nginx
1)nginx.conf配置
文件末尾添加 include conf.d/*.conf,引入同級(jí)文件夾conf.d下的所有.conf文件
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include conf.d/*.conf;
}
2)conf.d配置
www-dev.integration.enjoyor.net.conf 文件映射本地tomcat
upstream integration {
server 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=1s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www-dev.integration.enjoyor.net;
location / {
proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 timeout error invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_cookie_path /integrationweb/ /;
proxy_set_header Referer $http_referer;
proxy_set_header Cookie $http_cookie;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://integration/integrationweb/;
}
}
至此,通過修改hosts文件的域名映射關(guān)系,可以在本地靈活切換開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的接口,便于后端人員調(diào)試。