iOS 實(shí)現(xiàn)app黑白模式

1問題思考

2020的是被疫情覆蓋的一年,在國(guó)內(nèi)疫情得到控制之后,全國(guó)在4.4日舉行了疫情哀悼紀(jì)念,而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的產(chǎn)物在那天也做出了很多默契的配合,比如說很多網(wǎng)站暫停運(yùn)營(yíng)一天,很多app網(wǎng)頁的UI變成了黑白模式,那天我刷了一整天的手機(jī)看到的畫面全是黑白的,第二天又調(diào)整為正常了.作為一個(gè)iOS開發(fā),我思考如何才能更好的達(dá)到這種黑白與彩色之前的切換,想了以下幾種思路:

  • 1.iOS內(nèi)置黑白開關(guān)
  • 2.動(dòng)態(tài)配置,文字顏色和圖片在當(dāng)天通過服務(wù)端下發(fā),修改成黑白色,這需要比較大的工作量
  • 3.UIColor相關(guān)方法捕獲,圖片濾鏡

通過查詢資料,未找到方式1相關(guān)的api,iOS設(shè)備自身有個(gè)功能叫顏色反轉(zhuǎn),有興趣的可以去打開該功能看看,我在想這其實(shí)和實(shí)現(xiàn)黑白模式的原理是一樣的,但是蘋果未開放相關(guān)api

方式2看起來可行,我覺得一些app等在那天就是采用了這樣的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)的黑白化,因?yàn)閍pp里的內(nèi)容不是說有的都改成了黑白,只有部分圖片或者頁面改成了黑白模式,但是工作量有點(diǎn)太大了,而且不夠靈活

方式3我認(rèn)為是比較可靠可行的,于是我按照方式3的思路實(shí)現(xiàn)了UIColor及圖片的黑白化

2功能實(shí)現(xiàn)

首先貼上一張沒有開啟黑白化的page原圖,可以看到圖片,color都是正常的


image.png

2.1UIColor黑白化

UIColor方法捕捉

#import "UIColor+Common.h"
#import <YLT_BaseLib/NSObject+YLT_Extension.h>
#import <Aspects.h>

//是否黑白化,1表示開啟
#define monochromatic 1

@implementation UIColor (Common)

+ (void)load {
    //關(guān)鍵方法交換
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_colorWithRed:green:blue:alpha:) withMethod:@selector(colorWithRed:green:blue:alpha:)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_blackColor) withMethod:@selector(blackColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_darkGrayColor) withMethod:@selector(darkGrayColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_lightGrayColor) withMethod:@selector(lightGrayColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_whiteColor) withMethod:@selector(whiteColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_grayColor) withMethod:@selector(grayColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_redColor) withMethod:@selector(redColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_greenColor) withMethod:@selector(greenColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_blueColor) withMethod:@selector(blueColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_cyanColor) withMethod:@selector(cyanColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_yellowColor) withMethod:@selector(yellowColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_magentaColor) withMethod:@selector(magentaColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_orangeColor) withMethod:@selector(orangeColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_purpleColor) withMethod:@selector(purpleColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_brownColor) withMethod:@selector(brownColor)];
    [UIColor ylt_swizzleClassMethod:@selector(gl_colorWithWhite:alpha:) withMethod:@selector(colorWithWhite:alpha:)];
    Class cls = NSClassFromString(@"UIDynamicSystemColor");
    [cls ylt_swizzleInstanceMethod:NSSelectorFromString(@"initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:") withMethod:@selector(gl_initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:)];
}

- (id)gl_initWithName:(id)name colorsByThemeKey:(id)key {
//    NSLog(@"name=%@  key =%@ ",name,key);
    if (monochromatic == 1) {
        if ([name isEqualToString:@"systemBlueColor"]) {
//                [UIColor systemBlueColor];
            return [UIColor blueColor];
        }
    }
   return [self gl_initWithName:name colorsByThemeKey:key];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green blue:(CGFloat)blue alpha:(CGFloat)alpha {
    //如果是單色模式(黑白模式),則平均r、g、b值
    if (monochromatic == 1) {
        //r,g,b權(quán)重調(diào)整,防止出現(xiàn),1 0 0 、0 1 0,0 0 1同樣的結(jié)果
        //0.2126,0.7152,0.0722 這三個(gè)是根據(jù)人眼對(duì)r,g,b三個(gè)顏色面感的強(qiáng)弱算出來的
        CGFloat brightness = (red * 0.2126 + 0.7152 * green + 0.0722 * blue);
//        CGFloat brightness = (red + green + blue) / 3.f;
        return [self gl_colorWithRed:brightness green:brightness blue:brightness alpha:alpha];
    }
    return [self gl_colorWithRed:red green:green blue:blue alpha:alpha];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_colorWithWhite:(CGFloat)white alpha:(CGFloat)alpha {
    return [self colorWithRed:white green:white blue:white alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_blackColor {
    return [self colorWithWhite:0 alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_darkGrayColor {
    return [self colorWithWhite:0.333 alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_lightGrayColor {
    return [self colorWithWhite:0.667 alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_whiteColor {
    return [self colorWithWhite:1 alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_grayColor {
    return [self colorWithWhite:0.5 alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_redColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:1 green:0 blue:0 alpha:1];
}

+ (UIColor *)gl_greenColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:0 green:1 blue:0 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_blueColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:0 green:0 blue:1 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_cyanColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:0 green:1 blue:1 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_yellowColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:1 green:1 blue:0 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_magentaColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:1 green:0 blue:1 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_orangeColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:1 green:0.5 blue:0 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_purpleColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:0.5 green:0 blue:0.5 alpha:1];
}
+ (UIColor *)gl_brownColor {
    return [self colorWithRed:0.6 green:0.4 blue:0.2 alpha:1];
}

@end


我們注意以下這3處的顏色變化

image.png

  • 顏色1 導(dǎo)航欄的返回文字顏色的Class類型是屬于UIDynamicSystemColor,其也屬于UIColor的子類
    image.png

    捕獲該類的實(shí)力方法initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:
[cls ylt_swizzleInstanceMethod:NSSelectorFromString(@"initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:") withMethod:@selector(gl_initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:)];

- (id)gl_initWithName:(id)name colorsByThemeKey:(id)key {
    NSLog(@"name=%@  key =%@ ",name,key);
    if (monochromatic == 1) {
        if ([name isEqualToString:@"systemBlueColor"]) {
            //    [UIColor systemBlueColor];
            return [UIColor blueColor];
        }
    }
   return [self gl_initWithName:name colorsByThemeKey:key];
}

在該方法中我們可以捕獲到系統(tǒng)預(yù)設(shè)的systemColor,如果想知道到底有哪些systemColor,可以通過[UIColor systemBlueColor];點(diǎn)擊前往分類@interface UIColor (UIColorSystemColors)中,這里系統(tǒng)提供了許多預(yù)設(shè)的systemColor,這些方法與initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:中的name一致,所以我們攔截了所有的systemBlueColor方法,直接采用BlueColor返回,而BlueColor我們?cè)谇懊嬉沧鲞^了攔截處理,這樣就達(dá)到了統(tǒng)一處理,如果還有其他name類型的systemColor,可以采取同樣的處理方式,或者我們可以將需要捕獲的systemColor的name通過服務(wù)端下發(fā),同時(shí)下發(fā)對(duì)應(yīng)的r、g、b、a值,然后調(diào)用[UIColor colorWithRed:r green:g blue:b alpha:a]這樣更加靈活

另外 有人指出該hook方法在xcode 11.6會(huì)造成crash,我在升級(jí)后也嘗試了果然這樣,可能系統(tǒng)對(duì)于gl_initWithName:colorsByThemeKey:有比較特殊的處理,通過捕獲UIDynamicSystemColor其屬性(結(jié)果沒有)和方法,暫時(shí)沒有排查到原因,所以放棄hook 該私有方法,我們可以hook [UIColor systemBlueColor]方法,來替換系統(tǒng)的藍(lán)色,比如默認(rèn)的導(dǎo)航欄返回按鈕顏色

  • 顏色2 和 顏色3都是通過自己去設(shè)置的顏色,自定義顏色方法比較有限,我總結(jié)并捕獲了所有的Color類方法,即使有些第三方庫識(shí)別16進(jìn)制,但是最終調(diào)用的還是colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green blue:(CGFloat)blue alpha:(CGFloat)alpha,
    最終我們把所有顏色的攔截都流入到了下面swizzle method方法中
+ (UIColor *)gl_colorWithRed:(CGFloat)red green:(CGFloat)green blue:(CGFloat)blue alpha:(CGFloat)alpha {
    //如果是單色模式(黑白模式),則平均r、g、b值
    if (monochromatic == 1) {
        //r,g,b權(quán)重調(diào)整,防止出現(xiàn),1 0 0 、0 1 0,0 0 1同樣的結(jié)果
        //0.2126,0.7152,0.0722 這三個(gè)是根據(jù)人眼對(duì)r,g,b三個(gè)顏色面感的強(qiáng)弱算出來的
        CGFloat brightness = (red * 0.2126 + 0.7152 * green + 0.0722 * blue);
//        CGFloat brightness = (red + green + blue) / 3.f;
        return [self gl_colorWithRed:brightness green:brightness blue:brightness alpha:alpha];
    }
    return [self gl_colorWithRed:red green:green blue:blue alpha:alpha];
}

2.2UIImage黑白化

通常情況下,我們的app里的圖片控件都會(huì)采用UIImageView,這里我只是正對(duì)UIImageView進(jìn)行了setImage的hook,如果有其他情況,需要自己處理,掌握了此黑白化的技巧,其他的處理方式也差不多

//是否黑白化,1表示開啟
#define monochromatic 1

@implementation UIImageView (Common)

+ (void)load {
    [UIImageView ylt_swizzleInstanceMethod:@selector(gl_setImage:) withMethod:@selector(setImage:)];
}

- (void)gl_setImage:(UIImage *)image {
    if (monochromatic == 1) {
        [self gl_setImage:[self gl_grayImage:image]];
    } else {
        [self gl_setImage:image];
    }
}

- (UIImage *)gl_grayImage:(UIImage *)image {
    //濾鏡處理
    //CIPhotoEffectNoir黑白
    //CIPhotoEffectMono單色
    NSString *filterName = @"CIPhotoEffectNoir";
    CIFilter *filter = [CIFilter filterWithName:filterName];
    CIImage *inputImage = [[CIImage alloc] initWithImage:image];
    [filter setValue:inputImage forKey:kCIInputImageKey];
    CGImageRef cgImage = [self.filterContext createCGImage:filter.outputImage fromRect:[inputImage extent]];
    UIImage *resultImg = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgImage];
    CGImageRelease(cgImage);
    return resultImg;
}

- (CIContext *)filterContext {
    CIContext *con = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(filterContext));
    if (!con) {
        con = [[CIContext alloc] initWithOptions:nil];
        self.filterContext = con;
    }
    return con;
}

- (void)setFilterContext:(CIContext *)filterContext {
    objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(filterContext), filterContext, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
}

@end

圖片的黑白化,我采用的是CIFilter濾鏡實(shí)現(xiàn),我們看下黑白單色兩種濾鏡

image.png

image.png

效果差不多,但是在圖片色彩豐富的圖片上,個(gè)人認(rèn)為Mono會(huì)比Noir效果好看點(diǎn)

至此,我們可以通過服務(wù)器來靈活配置關(guān)鍵參數(shù)monochromatic,開啟或者關(guān)閉黑白化功能,實(shí)現(xiàn)app基本全面黑白化
demo參考

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