新年伊始，干貨不斷
新的一年里，heyniu祝大家心想事成、身體健康、闔家歡樂，還有雞年大吉吧[手動(dòng)滑稽]
眾所周知，Robotium的2大痛處 >> 重簽名、跨應(yīng)用
重簽名： 在我看來這個(gè)不是大問題，找研發(fā)要簽名，然后簽名我們的測試應(yīng)用，就可以保持與被測應(yīng)用簽名的一致性。
跨應(yīng)用：這個(gè)在之前是比較蛋疼的，網(wǎng)上的方案也是大多不適用。今天我就為這個(gè)給大家分享一下我的方案。
靈感來源
? 搶紅包應(yīng)用層出不窮，到底它們是怎樣搶到微信的紅包呢？帶著這個(gè)疑問，查閱了一下資料，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們是通過Android的輔助功能來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，于是我的方案是UiAutomation + Accessibility
重視Robotium
? 2大痛處都解決了，那么優(yōu)勢就來啦，比Appium更快的速度，且與被測應(yīng)用共享數(shù)據(jù) ，這是我選擇它的原因。
原理淺析
? Robotium基于Instrumentation的二次封裝，然而UiAutomation 也能通過instrumentation.getUiAutomation()拿到。順帶提一下Uiautomator也是基于UiAutomation 的封裝。
UiAutomation 跨應(yīng)用操作三大利器：
setOnAccessibilityEventListener() 開啟Accessibility
executeShellCommand() 執(zhí)行shell命令（權(quán)限比Runtime.getRuntime().exec()高，相當(dāng)于adb shell）
injectInputEvent() 注入事件，比如點(diǎn)擊。
Accessibility查找控件的2種方式：
findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId() 通過完整的資源查找
findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText() 通過文本查找
以上具體的方法查閱API描述即可。
舉一反三
? 目前已實(shí)現(xiàn)跨應(yīng)用點(diǎn)擊、輸入文本、點(diǎn)擊通知欄、拍照、授權(quán)、QQ登錄等等，其他跨應(yīng)用場景也是類似。只要掌握原理淺析列出的幾個(gè)核心方法，我相信跨應(yīng)用處理已經(jīng)不是問題了，這里只是拋磚引玉。
場景實(shí)例
點(diǎn)擊
/**
* Work across application boundaries for click.
* @param x the x coordinate
* @param y the y coordinate
*/
public void acrossForClick(float x, float y){
MotionEvent motionDown = MotionEvent.obtain(SystemClock.uptimeMillis(), SystemClock.uptimeMillis(), KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN,
x, y, 0);
motionDown.setSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN);
uiAutomation.injectInputEvent(motionDown, true);
MotionEvent motionUp = MotionEvent.obtain(SystemClock.uptimeMillis(), SystemClock.uptimeMillis(), KeyEvent.ACTION_UP,
x, y, 0);
motionUp.setSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN);
uiAutomation.injectInputEvent(motionUp, true);
motionUp.recycle();
motionDown.recycle();
}
拍照
/**
* Work across application boundaries for camera.
* @param viewId The fully qualified resource name of the view id to find. e.g: com.sec.android.app.camera:id/okay
*/
public void acrossForCamera(String viewId){
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "acrossForCamera()");
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) return;
UiAutomation uiAutomation = instrumentation.getUiAutomation();
uiAutomation.setOnAccessibilityEventListener(new UiAutomation.OnAccessibilityEventListener() {
@Override
public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
if (event.getEventType() == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED) {
if (viewId.contains(event.getPackageName())) {
if (event.getSource() != null) {
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> infoList = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId(viewId);
if (infoList == null || infoList.isEmpty()) return;
performClick(infoList.get(0));
}
}
}
}
});
sleep(2000);
uiAutomation.executeShellCommand("input keyevent 27");
}
授權(quán)（核心代碼）
/**
* Requests permissions to be granted to this application.
*/
public void requestPermissions(){
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
String[] permissions = checkPermissions();
if (permissions == null || permissions.length == 0) return;
final String manufacturer = getManufacturer();
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) context, permissions, 10000);
UiAutomation uiAutomation = instrumentation.getUiAutomation();
uiAutomation.setOnAccessibilityEventListener(new UiAutomation.OnAccessibilityEventListener() {
@Override
public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
android.util.Log.d(LOG_TAG, "UiAutomation: " + event.toString());
if (manufacturer.toLowerCase().contains("mi")) {
handlePermissions(event, PACKAGE_INSTALLER_XIAOMI, PERMISSION_ALLOW_ID_XIAOMI);
} else handlePermissions(event, PACKAGE_INSTALLER, PERMISSION_ALLOW_ID);
}
});
}
}
QQ登錄
/**
* Work across application boundaries for QQ login.
*/
public void acrossForQQLogin(String account, String password){
boolean installed = isInstalled(QQ);
if (!installed) {
Log.w(LOG_TAG, "QQ is not installed.");
return;
}
uiAutomation.setOnAccessibilityEventListener(new UiAutomation.OnAccessibilityEventListener() {
@Override
public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Event: " + event.toString());
if (event.getEventType() == TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED && QQ.contains(event.getPackageName())){
handleQQLogin(event, account, password);
handleAuthorization(event);
}
}
});
}
private void handleAuthorization(AccessibilityEvent event) {
if (event.getClassName().toString().contains("com.tencent.open.agent.AuthorityActivity")) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "QQ Login: " + event.toString());
sleep(2000);
AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo = uiAutomation.getRootInActiveWindow();
IterationNode(nodeInfo, "android.widget.Button");
}
}
/**
* Loop through the view and click.
* @param nodeInfo node
* @param name class name, e.g: android.widget.Button
*/
private void IterationNode(AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo, String name) {
for (int i = 0; i < nodeInfo.getChildCount(); i ++){
AccessibilityNodeInfo node = nodeInfo.getChild(i);
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "QQ Login nodeInfo.getChild(i): " + node.getClassName());
if(name.contains(node.getClassName())) {
// Click the authorization button.
performClick(node);
break;
} else IterationNode(node, name);
}
}
private void handleQQLogin(AccessibilityEvent event, String account, String password) {
if (event.getClassName().toString().contains("com.tencent.qqconnect.wtlogin.Login")) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo = uiAutomation.getRootInActiveWindow();
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> infoList = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId("com.tencent.mobileqq:id/account");
if (infoList == null || infoList.isEmpty()) return;
// Click the account edit text and enter text.
performClick(infoList.get(0));
acrossForEnterText(account);
infoList = nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId("com.tencent.mobileqq:id/password");
if (infoList == null || infoList.isEmpty()) return;
// Click the password edit text and enter text.
performClick(infoList.get(0));
acrossForEnterText(password);
sleep(4000);
IterationNode(nodeInfo, "android.widget.Button");
}
}
部分演示及完整代碼
百度網(wǎng)盤：鏈接: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mh6bdJ6 密碼: ffnp
