AIDL的使用步驟(即如何工作)

在弄清AIDL是如何使用Binder實現(xiàn)進程間通信的之前,我們應該要知道我們在使用AIDL的簡要步驟

一、AIDL使用步驟

服務端:

  1. 創(chuàng)建對象Book.java,并實現(xiàn)Parcelable

  2. 新建AIDL文件(先隨意命名否則報錯),bookaidl.aidl,并在文件中聲明Book類

  3. 新建AIDL接口文件IBookManager.aidl,并且在其中定義方法(注意ADIL文件導包)

  4. makeProject,系統(tǒng)自動于build文件夾下生成IBookManager.java

  5. 更改bookaidl.aidl為Book.aidl(要求必須與要傳遞對象同名,區(qū)分大小寫)

  6. 創(chuàng)建繼承Service的自定義服務AIDLService.java,并Manifest.xml中注冊(注意:必須添加intent-filter,意義在于使其他進程可以找到此服務)

  7. 聲明IBookManager.Stub類型變量(Binder類型),并實現(xiàn)接口方法(方法要使用同步方式)

  8. 重寫onBind方法返回步驟7中的binder

客戶端:

  1. 將服務端中AIDL文件夾移植到客戶端(注意:包名一致)
  2. 聲明IBookManager接口類型變量
  3. 聲明ServiceConnection類型變量,并完成bindService
  4. 在serviceConnected方法中通過IBookManager.Stub.asInterface(service)獲取IBookManager對象(應該要在子線程中調用)
  5. 這樣就可以使用IBookManager對象調用服務端接口中的定義的方法了

項目結構

image.png
image.png

#代碼一覽
###服務端
/**
 * Created by Echo on 2019/5/14.
 * Action
 */
public class Book implements Parcelable {
    public int id;
    public String name;

    protected Book(Parcel in) {
        id = in.readInt();
        name = in.readString();
    }

    public static final Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {
        @Override
        public Book createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
            return new Book(in);
        }

        @Override
        public Book[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Book[size];
        }
    };

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeInt(id);
        dest.writeString(name);
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}
// Book.aidl
package com.echo.mytts.aidl;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
parcelable Book;

// IBookManager.aidl
package com.echo.mytts.aidl;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import com.echo.mytts.aidl.Book;

interface IBookManager {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);
    List<Book> getBookList();
    void addBook(in Book book);

}
/**
 * Created by Echo on 2019/5/14.
 * Action
 */
public class AIDLService extends Service {
    private List<Book> mBookList = new ArrayList<>();


    private IBookManager.Stub iBookManager = new IBookManager.Stub() {
        @Override
        public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

        }

        @Override
        public List<Book> getBookList() throws RemoteException {
            synchronized (mBookList){
                Log.i("service","查看了圖書"+mBookList.size());
                return mBookList;
            }

        }

        @Override
        public void addBook(Book book) throws RemoteException {
            synchronized (mBookList){
                mBookList.add(book);
                Log.i("service","添加了圖書"+ book.getName());
            }

        }
    };


    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

        return iBookManager;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i("service","onCreate");
    }

客戶端

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private IBookManager bookManager;
    private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            Log.i("client","連接service成功");
            bookManager = IBookManager.Stub.asInterface(service);

        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            Log.i("client","取消連接");

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        findViewById(R.id.option).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (bookManager == null)
                    return;
                try {
                    Log.i("client","發(fā)起添加圖書請求");
                    bookManager.addBook(new Book(99,"AIDL"));
                    Log.i("client","發(fā)起查看圖書請求");
                    bookManager.getBookList();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        });

    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.echo.mytts.aidl");
        intent.setPackage("com.echo.mytts");
        bindService(intent,serviceConnection,Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        unbindService(serviceConnection);
    }
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