《Succeed》翻譯作業(yè)（27)
There are other ways around this problem,too. A lake of self-control strength can sometimes be overcome with well-chosen incentives or rewards. Psychologists Mark Muraven and Elisavete Slessarevt told students particularly in a study at Case Western Reserve University to watch a five-minute video clip of Robin Williams performing a particularly funny piece of stand-up. Half of the students were told that they would be under observation and were instructed not to laugh or smile while watching the video. This took a lot of self-control(it was a very funny clip), and it sapped their willpower resources. To demonstrate this depletion, all of the students were then given a cup of orange Kool-Aid to drink--except instead of using sugar, the experimenters made it with vinegar. It was unpleasant, though drinkable if you forced yourself. If you've ever psyched yourself up to swallow cold medicine, you know that it's an act that requires significant self-control, but it's doable.
在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上還可以有其他的方法。缺乏自控力有時(shí)候可以通過(guò)自我激勵(lì)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來(lái)克服。心理學(xué)家MM和ES告訴參與測(cè)試的學(xué)生說(shuō)，在一項(xiàng)針對(duì)CWR大學(xué)的研究中，叫學(xué)生看一段五分鐘的視頻，其中羅賓威廉姆斯表演了一段特別搞笑的脫口秀節(jié)目。一半的學(xué)生被告知他們將接受觀察，并被要求在觀看視頻時(shí)不要笑或笑。這需要很大的自我控制(這是一個(gè)非常有趣的片段)，并且削弱了他們的意志力。為了證明這一點(diǎn)，所有的學(xué)生都喝了一杯橙汁飲料——沒(méi)有用糖，實(shí)驗(yàn)者用醋做實(shí)驗(yàn)。如果你強(qiáng)迫自己，那是不愉快的，盡管可以喝。如果你曾經(jīng)想要吞下感冒藥，你知道這是一種需要自我控制的行為，但它是可行的。