Raskolnikov
小說描寫窮大學(xué)生拉斯柯爾尼科夫受無政府主義思想毒害，認(rèn)為自己是個超人，可以為所欲為。為生計所迫，他殺死放高利貸的老太婆阿廖娜和她的無辜妹妹麗扎韋塔，制造了一起震驚全俄的兇殺案。經(jīng)歷了一場內(nèi)心痛苦的懺悔后，他最終在基督徒索尼雅姑娘的規(guī)勸下，投案自首，被判流放西伯利亞。作品著重刻畫主人公犯罪后的心理變化，揭示俄國下層人民的苦難生活。
Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales
TheStanford–Binet Intelligence Scales(or more commonly theStanford-Binet) is an individually administeredintelligence testthat was revised from the original Binet-Simon Scale byLewis M. Terman, a psychologist at Stanford University. The Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scale is now in its fifth edition (SB5) and was released in 2003. It is a cognitive ability andintelligencetest that is used to diagnose developmental or intellectual deficiencies in young children. The test measures five weighted factors and consists of both verbal and nonverbal subtests. The five factors being tested are knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial processing,working memory, and fluid reasoning.
The development of the Stanford–Binet initiated the modern field of intelligence testing and was one of the first examples of anadaptive test. The test originated inFrance, then was revised in theUnited States. It was initially created by the FrenchpsychologistAlfred Binet, who, following the introduction of a law mandatinguniversal educationby theFrench government, began developing a method of identifying "slow" children for their placement inspecial educationprograms (rather than removing them to asylums as "sick").[1]As Binet indicated,case studiesmight be more detailed and helpful, but the time required to test many people would be excessive. In 1916, atStanford University, the psychologist Lewis Terman released a revised examination which became known as the "Stanford–Binet test".
