LocalBroadcastManager優(yōu)勢:
Helper to register for and send broadcasts of Intents to local objects within your process. This has a number of advantages over sending global broadcasts with {@link android.content.Context#sendBroadcast}:
- You know that the data you are broadcasting won't leave your app, so don't need to worry about leaking private data.
- It is not possible for other applications to send these broadcasts to your app, so you don't need to worry about having security holes they can exploit.
- It is more efficient than sending a global broadcast through the system.
相對于BroadcastReceiver來說,LocalBroadcastManager有如下優(yōu)勢:
- 發(fā)送的廣播只會在當(dāng)前APP中傳播,不會泄露給其他APP,確保數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)陌踩?
- 其他APP的廣播無法發(fā)送到本地APP中,不用擔(dān)心安全漏洞被其他APP利用.
- 比系統(tǒng)全局廣播更加高效.
LocalBraodcastManager源碼如下:
/**
* Helper to register for and send broadcasts of Intents to local objects
* within your process. This has a number of advantages over sending
* global broadcasts with {@link android.content.Context#sendBroadcast}:
* <ul>
* <li> You know that the data you are broadcasting won't leave your app, so
* don't need to worry about leaking private data.
* <li> It is not possible for other applications to send these broadcasts to
* your app, so you don't need to worry about having security holes they can
* exploit.
* <li> It is more efficient than sending a global broadcast through the
* system.
* </ul>
*/
public final class LocalBroadcastManager {
private static class ReceiverRecord {
final IntentFilter filter;
final BroadcastReceiver receiver;
boolean broadcasting;
ReceiverRecord(IntentFilter _filter, BroadcastReceiver _receiver) {
filter = _filter;
receiver = _receiver;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(128);
builder.append("Receiver{");
builder.append(receiver);
builder.append(" filter=");
builder.append(filter);
builder.append("}");
return builder.toString();
}
}
private static class BroadcastRecord {
final Intent intent;
final ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers;
BroadcastRecord(Intent _intent, ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> _receivers) {
intent = _intent;
receivers = _receivers;
}
}
private static final String TAG = "LocalBroadcastManager";
private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
private final Context mAppContext;
private final HashMap<BroadcastReceiver, ArrayList<IntentFilter>> mReceivers
= new HashMap<BroadcastReceiver, ArrayList<IntentFilter>>();
private final HashMap<String, ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>> mActions
= new HashMap<String, ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>>();
private final ArrayList<BroadcastRecord> mPendingBroadcasts
= new ArrayList<BroadcastRecord>();
static final int MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS = 1;
private final Handler mHandler;
private static final Object mLock = new Object();
private static LocalBroadcastManager mInstance;
public static LocalBroadcastManager getInstance(Context context) {
synchronized (mLock) {
if (mInstance == null) {
mInstance = new LocalBroadcastManager(context.getApplicationContext());
}
return mInstance;
}
}
private LocalBroadcastManager(Context context) {
mAppContext = context;
mHandler = new Handler(context.getMainLooper()) {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS:
executePendingBroadcasts();
break;
default:
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
};
}
/**
* Register a receive for any local broadcasts that match the given IntentFilter.
*
* @param receiver The BroadcastReceiver to handle the broadcast.
* @param filter Selects the Intent broadcasts to be received.
*
* @see #unregisterReceiver
*/
public void registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver, IntentFilter filter) {
synchronized (mReceivers) {
ReceiverRecord entry = new ReceiverRecord(filter, receiver);
ArrayList<IntentFilter> filters = mReceivers.get(receiver);
if (filters == null) {
filters = new ArrayList<IntentFilter>(1);
mReceivers.put(receiver, filters);
}
filters.add(filter);
for (int i=0; i<filter.countActions(); i++) {
String action = filter.getAction(i);
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> entries = mActions.get(action);
if (entries == null) {
entries = new ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>(1);
mActions.put(action, entries);
}
entries.add(entry);
}
}
}
/**
* Unregister a previously registered BroadcastReceiver. <em>All</em>
* filters that have been registered for this BroadcastReceiver will be
* removed.
*
* @param receiver The BroadcastReceiver to unregister.
*
* @see #registerReceiver
*/
public void unregisterReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver) {
synchronized (mReceivers) {
ArrayList<IntentFilter> filters = mReceivers.remove(receiver);
if (filters == null) {
return;
}
for (int i=0; i<filters.size(); i++) {
IntentFilter filter = filters.get(i);
for (int j=0; j<filter.countActions(); j++) {
String action = filter.getAction(j);
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers = mActions.get(action);
if (receivers != null) {
for (int k=0; k<receivers.size(); k++) {
if (receivers.get(k).receiver == receiver) {
receivers.remove(k);
k--;
}
}
if (receivers.size() <= 0) {
mActions.remove(action);
}
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* Broadcast the given intent to all interested BroadcastReceivers. This
* call is asynchronous; it returns immediately, and you will continue
* executing while the receivers are run.
*
* @param intent The Intent to broadcast; all receivers matching this
* Intent will receive the broadcast.
*
* @see #registerReceiver
*/
public boolean sendBroadcast(Intent intent) {
synchronized (mReceivers) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
final String type = intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(
mAppContext.getContentResolver());
final Uri data = intent.getData();
final String scheme = intent.getScheme();
final Set<String> categories = intent.getCategories();
final boolean debug = DEBUG ||
((intent.getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION) != 0);
if (debug) Log.v(
TAG, "Resolving type " + type + " scheme " + scheme
+ " of intent " + intent);
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> entries = mActions.get(intent.getAction());
if (entries != null) {
if (debug) Log.v(TAG, "Action list: " + entries);
ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers = null;
for (int i=0; i<entries.size(); i++) {
ReceiverRecord receiver = entries.get(i);
if (debug) Log.v(TAG, "Matching against filter " + receiver.filter);
if (receiver.broadcasting) {
if (debug) {
Log.v(TAG, " Filter's target already added");
}
continue;
}
int match = receiver.filter.match(action, type, scheme, data,
categories, "LocalBroadcastManager");
if (match >= 0) {
if (debug) Log.v(TAG, " Filter matched! match=0x" +
Integer.toHexString(match));
if (receivers == null) {
receivers = new ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>();
}
receivers.add(receiver);
receiver.broadcasting = true;
} else {
if (debug) {
String reason;
switch (match) {
case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_ACTION: reason = "action"; break;
case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_CATEGORY: reason = "category"; break;
case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_DATA: reason = "data"; break;
case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_TYPE: reason = "type"; break;
default: reason = "unknown reason"; break;
}
Log.v(TAG, " Filter did not match: " + reason);
}
}
}
if (receivers != null) {
for (int i=0; i<receivers.size(); i++) {
receivers.get(i).broadcasting = false;
}
mPendingBroadcasts.add(new BroadcastRecord(intent, receivers));
if (!mHandler.hasMessages(MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS)) {
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS);
}
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Like {@link #sendBroadcast(Intent)}, but if there are any receivers for
* the Intent this function will block and immediately dispatch them before
* returning.
*/
public void sendBroadcastSync(Intent intent) {
if (sendBroadcast(intent)) {
executePendingBroadcasts();
}
}
private void executePendingBroadcasts() {
while (true) {
BroadcastRecord[] brs = null;
synchronized (mReceivers) {
final int N = mPendingBroadcasts.size();
if (N <= 0) {
return;
}
brs = new BroadcastRecord[N];
mPendingBroadcasts.toArray(brs);
mPendingBroadcasts.clear();
}
for (int i=0; i<brs.length; i++) {
BroadcastRecord br = brs[i];
for (int j=0; j<br.receivers.size(); j++) {
br.receivers.get(j).receiver.onReceive(mAppContext, br.intent);
}
}
}
}
}
-
LocalBroadcastManager中有三個關(guān)鍵字段分別為:private final HashMap<BroadcastReceiver, ArrayList<IntentFilter>> mReceivers = new HashMap(); private final HashMap<String, ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>> mActions = new HashMap(); private final ArrayList<BroadcastRecord> mPendingBroadcasts = new ArrayList();HashMap對象的mReceivers存儲廣播和過濾信息集合,通過以BroadcastReceiver為Key,ArrayList<IntentFilter>為Value,這樣做是為了方便注銷.HashMap對象的mActions存儲Action和ReceiverRecord,以Action為key,ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>為value,mActions的主要作用是方便在廣播發(fā)送后快速得到可以接收他的BroadcastReceiver.mPendingBroadcasts就是發(fā)送廣播的集合. -
LocalBroadcastManager的構(gòu)造函數(shù):private LocalBroadcastManager(Context context) { mAppContext = context; mHandler = new Handler(context.getMainLooper()) { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS: executePendingBroadcasts(); break; default: super.handleMessage(msg); } } }; }LocalBroadcastManager的構(gòu)造函數(shù)很簡單,就做了一件事,創(chuàng)建一個基于主線程Looper的Handler,并接收msg.what為MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS的消息,并調(diào)用executePendingBroadcasts()發(fā)送廣播.
-
LocalBroadcastManager注冊public void registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver, IntentFilter filter) { synchronized (mReceivers) { ReceiverRecord entry = new ReceiverRecord(filter, receiver); ArrayList<IntentFilter> filters = mReceivers.get(receiver); if (filters == null) { filters = new ArrayList<IntentFilter>(1); mReceivers.put(receiver, filters); } filters.add(filter); for (int i=0; i<filter.countActions(); i++) { String action = filter.getAction(i); ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> entries = mActions.get(action); if (entries == null) { entries = new ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>(1); mActions.put(action, entries); } entries.add(entry); } } }基于要注冊的BroadReceiver和IntentFilter,在mReceivers中查找,如果為null,便把傳過來的receiver和filter參數(shù)存儲到mReceivers中,同時將IntentFilter中的Action存儲到mActions中.方便后面注銷廣播,對元素的移除.
-
LocalBroadcastManager的注銷public void unregisterReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver) { synchronized (mReceivers) { ArrayList<IntentFilter> filters = mReceivers.remove(receiver); if (filters == null) { return; } for (int i=0; i<filters.size(); i++) { IntentFilter filter = filters.get(i); for (int j=0; j<filter.countActions(); j++) { String action = filter.getAction(j); ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers = mActions.get(action); if (receivers != null) { for (int k=0; k<receivers.size(); k++) { if (receivers.get(k).receiver == receiver) { receivers.remove(k); k--; } } if (receivers.size() <= 0) { mActions.remove(action); } } } } } }LocalBroadcastManager注銷就是從mReceivers和mActions中移除相應(yīng)的元素,比如BroadcastReceiver和IntentFilter以及Action. -
LocalBroadcastManager發(fā)送廣播:public boolean sendBroadcast(Intent intent) { synchronized (mReceivers) { final String action = intent.getAction(); final String type = intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded( mAppContext.getContentResolver()); final Uri data = intent.getData(); final String scheme = intent.getScheme(); final Set<String> categories = intent.getCategories(); final boolean debug = DEBUG || ((intent.getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION) != 0); if (debug) Log.v( TAG, "Resolving type " + type + " scheme " + scheme + " of intent " + intent); ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> entries = mActions.get(intent.getAction()); if (entries != null) { if (debug) Log.v(TAG, "Action list: " + entries); ArrayList<ReceiverRecord> receivers = null; for (int i=0; i<entries.size(); i++) { ReceiverRecord receiver = entries.get(i); if (debug) Log.v(TAG, "Matching against filter " + receiver.filter); if (receiver.broadcasting) { if (debug) { Log.v(TAG, " Filter's target already added"); } continue; } int match = receiver.filter.match(action, type, scheme, data, categories, "LocalBroadcastManager"); if (match >= 0) { if (debug) Log.v(TAG, " Filter matched! match=0x" + Integer.toHexString(match)); if (receivers == null) { receivers = new ArrayList<ReceiverRecord>(); } receivers.add(receiver); receiver.broadcasting = true; } else { if (debug) { String reason; switch (match) { case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_ACTION: reason = "action"; break; case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_CATEGORY: reason = "category"; break; case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_DATA: reason = "data"; break; case IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_TYPE: reason = "type"; break; default: reason = "unknown reason"; break; } Log.v(TAG, " Filter did not match: " + reason); } } } if (receivers != null) { for (int i=0; i<receivers.size(); i++) { receivers.get(i).broadcasting = false; } mPendingBroadcasts.add(new BroadcastRecord(intent, receivers)); if (!mHandler.hasMessages(MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS)) { mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS); } return true; } } } return false; }先根據(jù)Action從mActions中取出ReceiverRecord列表,遍歷ReceiverRecord判斷filter和intent中的action,type,scheme,data,category是否匹配,是的話保存到receivers列表中,發(fā)送msg.what為MSG_EXEC_PENDING_BROADCASTS的消息,通過主線程的Handler去處理.
-
LocalBroadcastManager處理消息private void executePendingBroadcasts() { while (true) { BroadcastRecord[] brs = null; synchronized (mReceivers) { final int N = mPendingBroadcasts.size(); if (N <= 0) { return; } brs = new BroadcastRecord[N]; mPendingBroadcasts.toArray(brs); mPendingBroadcasts.clear(); } for (int i=0; i<brs.length; i++) { BroadcastRecord br = brs[i]; for (int j=0; j<br.receivers.size(); j++) { br.receivers.get(j).receiver.onReceive(mAppContext, br.intent); } } } }mPendingBroadcasts轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)組
BroadcastRecord,循環(huán)遍歷每個receiver,調(diào)用其onReceive函數(shù),完成消息的傳遞.
LocalBroadcastManager分析總結(jié):
-
LocalBroadcastManager的核心思想還是Handler,只是利用了IntentFilter的match功能,至于BroadcastReceiver換成其他接口也無所謂,只是順便利用了現(xiàn)成的類和概念而已. - 因為是Handler通訊,所以才有實現(xiàn)了應(yīng)用內(nèi)通訊,自然安全性高,效率高.
