Robots協(xié)議(也稱為爬蟲協(xié)議、機(jī)器人協(xié)議等)的全稱是“網(wǎng)絡(luò)爬蟲排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”(Robots Exclusion Protocol),網(wǎng)站通過Robots協(xié)議告訴搜索引擎哪些頁(yè)面可以抓取,哪些頁(yè)面不能抓取。(百度百科)
- 文件寫法
- User-agent: * 這里的 * 代表的所有的搜索引擎種類, * 是一個(gè)通配符
- Disallow: /ABC/ 這里定義是禁止爬尋ABC目錄下面的目錄
- Disallow:/ab/adc.html 禁止爬取ab文件夾下面的adc.html文件。
- Allow: /cgi-bin/ 這里定義是允許爬尋cgi-bin目錄下面的目錄
- Allow: /tmp 這里定義是允許爬尋tmp的整個(gè)目錄
- Sitemap: 網(wǎng)站地圖 告訴爬蟲這個(gè)頁(yè)面是網(wǎng)站地圖
購(gòu)物網(wǎng)站
亞馬遜中國(guó)
https://www.amazon.cn/robots.txt
- User-agent: *
- Disallow: /buycar
- Disallow: /cart
- Disallow: /checkout
- Disallow: /class
- Disallow: /com
- Disallow: /common
- Disallow: /css
- Disallow: /dll
- Disallow: /doc
- Disallow: /dp/e-mail-friend/
- Disallow: /dp/manual-submit/
- Disallow: /dp/product-availability/
- Disallow: /dp/rate-this-item/
- Disallow: /dp/shipping/
- Disallow: /dp/twister-update/
- Disallow: /gp/aws/ssop
- Disallow: /gp/cart
- Disallow: /gp/css/homepage.html
- Disallow: /gp/customer-reviews/common/du
- Disallow: /gp/flex
- Disallow: /gp/gfix
- Disallow: /gp/history
- Disallow: /gp/item-dispatch
- Disallow: /gp/music/clipserve
- Disallow: /gp/music/wma-pop-up
- Disallow: /gp/offer-listing
- Disallow: /gp/product/e-mail-friend
- Disallow: /gp/product/product-availability
- Disallow: /gp/product/rate-this-item
- Disallow: /gp/recsradio
- Disallow: /gp/slredirect
- Disallow: /gp/twitter/
- Disallow: /gp/vote
- Disallow: /gp/voting/
- Disallow: /gp/yourstore
- Disallow: /inc
- Disallow: /js
- Disallow: /lib
- Disallow: /mn/bookLookInsideApp
- Disallow: /mn/checkInitApp
- Disallow: /mn/checkoutAlertMsgApp
- Disallow: /mn/checkoutredirectApp
- Disallow: /mn/giftCardApp
- Disallow: /mn/loginApplication
- Disallow: /mn/loyaltyApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderAddrApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderCfmApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderDetailApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderFailApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderHistoryApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderModifyApp
- Disallow: /mn/orderSummaryApp
- Disallow: /mn/paymentRedriveApp
- Disallow: /mn/recommendReviewApp
- Disallow: /mn/releaseReviewApp
- Disallow: /mn/reviewVoteApplication
- Disallow: /mn/selectPaymentMethodApp
- Disallow: /mn/selectShippingOpptionApplication
- Disallow: /mn/shipmentTraceApp
- Disallow: /mn/shoppingCartApplication
- Disallow: /mn/tellFriend
- Disallow: /mn/thankYouApplication
- Disallow: /mn/virtualAccountApp
- Disallow: /mn/yourAccountApp
- Disallow: /paper
- Disallow: /xml
- Disallow: /youraccount
- Disallow: /ap/signin
- Disallow: /gp/registry/wishlist/
- Disallow: /wishlist/
- Allow: /wishlist/universal*
- Allow: /wishlist/vendor-button*
- Allow: /wishlist/get-button*
- Disallow: /gp/wishlist/
- Allow: /gp/wishlist/universal*
- Allow: /gp/wishlist/vendor-button*
- Allow: /gp/wishlist/ipad-install*
- Disallow: /registry/wishlist/
- Disallow: /gp/help/contact-us/general-questions.html*?type&email&skip=true
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/accessibility?ie=UTF8&initialIssue=forgotpw&skip=true
- Disallow: /gp/registry/search.html
- Disallow: /gp/orc/rml/
- Disallow: /gp/digital/fiona/manage
- Disallow: /gp/entity-alert/external
- Disallow: /gp/customer-reviews/dynamic/sims-box
- Disallow: /review/dynamic/sims-box
- Disallow: /gp/redirect.html
- Disallow: /gp/customer-media/upload/
- Disallow: /gp/customer-media/actions/delete/
- Disallow: /gp/customer-media/actions/edit-caption/
- Disallow: /gp/dmusic/
- Disallow: /registry
- Disallow: /*/wishlist
- Disallow: /gp/registry
- Disallow: /gp/aag
- Disallow: /gp/socialmedia/giveaways
- Disallow: /gp/aw/so.html
- Disallow: /gp/pdp/profile/
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200843370
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200877580
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200877590
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879080
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879100
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879120
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879160
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879140
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200877610
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200878960
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200878980
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879000
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879040
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879020
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200877630
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879200
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879220
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879240
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879280
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879260
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200877650
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879320
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879340
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879360
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879400
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879380
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200877560
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200843460
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200843440
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899270
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879440
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899330
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899350
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899390
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899410
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899430
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899220
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899450
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899670
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899530
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899470
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899550
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899570
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899510
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899610
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899630
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899650
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879180
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879060
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879300
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200879420
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899290
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899310
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200843380
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200843420
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899230
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899250
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/display.html*nodeId=200899370
- Disallow: /reviews/iframe
- Disallow: /gp/help/reports/infringement/jquery/handle-notice-submit.html
- Disallow: /gp/help/customer/handler/handle-email-submit.html
不可爬取的頁(yè)面中可顯示的頁(yè)面包括:購(gòu)物車,登錄,分類列表,個(gè)人賬戶頁(yè)面,購(gòu)物歷史記錄,官方信息,首頁(yè),心愿單,聯(lián)系客服,聯(lián)系我們,我的電子書,幫助。
亞馬遜主要禁止抓取的內(nèi)容是一些商業(yè)信息以及用戶的個(gè)人信息,如今信息泄露現(xiàn)象越發(fā)普遍,作為一個(gè)線上購(gòu)物平臺(tái)保護(hù)用戶的隱私顯得尤為重要,這不僅是對(duì)用戶個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的保護(hù),也是對(duì)用戶本身安全的保護(hù)。不過,同時(shí),亞馬遜也存在一些允許爬取的內(nèi)容。
淘寶
https://www.taobao.com/robots.txt
User-agent: Baiduspider
Allow: /article
Allow: /oshtml
Allow: /wenzhang
Disallow: /product/
Disallow: /
User-Agent: Googlebot
Allow: /article
Allow: /oshtml
Allow: /product
Allow: /spu
Allow: /dianpu
Allow: /wenzhang
Allow: /oversea
Disallow: /
User-agent: Bingbot
Allow: /article
Allow: /oshtml
Allow: /product
Allow: /spu
Allow: /dianpu
Allow: /wenzhang
Allow: /oversea
Disallow: /
User-Agent: 360Spider
Allow: /article
Allow: /oshtml
Allow: /wenzhang
Disallow: /
User-Agent: Yisouspider
Allow: /article
Allow: /oshtml
Allow: /wenzhang
Disallow: /
User-Agent: Sogouspider
Allow: /article
Allow: /oshtml
Allow: /product
Allow: /wenzhang
Disallow: /
User-Agent: Yahoo! Slurp
Allow: /product
Allow: /spu
Allow: /dianpu
Allow: /wenzhang
Allow: /oversea
Disallow: /
User-Agent: *
Disallow: /
Baiduspider:百度蜘蛛,是百度搜索引擎的一個(gè)自動(dòng)程序。它的作用是訪問收集整理互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的網(wǎng)頁(yè)、圖片、視頻等內(nèi)容,然后分門別類建立索引數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù), 使用戶能在百度搜索引擎中搜索到您網(wǎng)站的網(wǎng)頁(yè)、圖片、視頻等內(nèi)容。(百度百科)
Googlebot:谷歌的網(wǎng)頁(yè)抓取機(jī)器人(百度百科)
Bingbot是必應(yīng)搜索引擎的爬蟲名稱,會(huì)在各個(gè)網(wǎng)站抓取內(nèi)容時(shí)候留下腳印。(百度貼吧)
現(xiàn)在,如果在百度里搜索淘寶網(wǎng),會(huì)看到的結(jié)果是“由于該網(wǎng)站的robots.txt文件存在限制指令,系統(tǒng)無法提供該頁(yè)面的內(nèi)容描述”。事實(shí)上,百度和淘寶都試圖將中國(guó)網(wǎng)民培育出一種最符合自己利益用戶的習(xí)慣:就是盡量讓用戶用自己的搜索引擎完成消費(fèi)選擇,如果自己能夠控制用戶端口,那么針對(duì)排名就可以做出多種付費(fèi)推廣,而淘寶如果對(duì)百度蜘蛛開放robots.txt,作為中國(guó)最大的搜索引擎,百度很可能會(huì)針對(duì)淘寶開發(fā)出相應(yīng)的開放平臺(tái),蠶食淘寶的付費(fèi)市場(chǎng)。如果強(qiáng)勢(shì)品牌能夠打造獨(dú)立商城分流淘寶店鋪的流量,一是可以避免身家性命全押在淘寶上需要通過競(jìng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)購(gòu)買昂貴的首頁(yè)廣告(百度同理),二是可以加強(qiáng)品牌優(yōu)勢(shì),培養(yǎng)用戶主動(dòng)搜索品牌的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣。
網(wǎng)頁(yè)小游戲
4399
http://www.4399.com/robots.txt
- User-agent: *
- Disallow: /upload_pic/
- Disallow: /upload_swf/
- Disallow: /360/
- Disallow: /public/
- Disallow: /yxbox/
- Disallow: /360game/
- Disallow: /loadimg/
- Disallow: /index_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/32979_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/35538_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/48399_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/seer_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/58739_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/78072_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/130396_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/80727_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/151038_pc.htm
- Disallow: /flash/10379_pc.htm
- Disallow: /index_old.htm
不可爬取的頁(yè)面中可顯示的頁(yè)面包括:游戲列表,最新好玩小游戲列表,首頁(yè),洛克王國(guó),奧拉星,賽爾號(hào),龍戰(zhàn)士,造夢(mèng)西游3之大鬧天庭篇,爆槍英雄,勇士的信仰(正式版),造夢(mèng)西游4洪荒大劫篇,奧比島,老版首頁(yè)。
7k7k
http://www.7k7k.com/robots.txt
- User-agent: *
- Disallow: /doyo/
- Disallow: /doyoweb/
- Disallow: /yy/
- Disallow: /data/
- Disallow: /widget/
- Disallow: /api/
- Disallow: /classic
- Disallow: /classic/
- Disallow: /classic/tag/
- Disallow: /classic/swf/
- Disallow: /classic/flash_fl/
- Disallow: /classic/top/
- Disallow: /classic/flash/
- Disallow: /classic/index.htm
- Disallow: /new/
- Disallow: /m-iphone/art/
- Disallow: /m-ipad/art/
- Disallow: /m-android/art/
不可爬取的頁(yè)面中可顯示的頁(yè)面包括:每日最新Flash游戲列表,游戲分類列表,游戲列表,游戲分類標(biāo)簽列表,游戲排行榜,首頁(yè)。
2144
- User-agent:Mediapartners-Google
- Disallow:
- User-agent: *
- Allow: /girls/?
- Disallow: /tuan
- Disallow: /v3
- Disallow: /hz/cntv
- Disallow: /testdsadsa21321
- Disallow: /xxx
- Disallow: /api
- Disallow: /game.htm
- Disallow: /index_test.htm
- Disallow: /webgame.htm
- Disallow: /index1.htm
- Disallow: /index_old.htm
- Disallow: /index_2010.htm
- Disallow: /index_2011.htm
- Disallow: /index_2012.htm
- Disallow: /game_test.php
- Disallow: /listgame.php
- Disallow: /cj.php
- Disallow: /sdogame.php
- Disallow: /archiver
- Disallow: /YouXi
- Disallow: /sdo
- Disallow: /Archives
- Disallow: /public
- Disallow: /html/26/51653/
- Disallow: /html/14/51654/
- Disallow: /html/14/51655/
- Disallow: /html/26/51857/
- Disallow: /html/14/51863/
- Disallow: /html/14/51862/
- Disallow: /html/14/51861/
- Disallow: /html/26/51858/
- Disallow: /html/26/51859/
- Disallow: /2345/
- Disallow: /2144com/
- Disallow: /xyx/
- Disallow: /xiaoyouxi/
- Disallow: /2015/
- Disallow: /2016/
不可爬取的頁(yè)面中可顯示的頁(yè)面包括:女生游戲列表,首頁(yè),老版首頁(yè),三國(guó)戰(zhàn)紀(jì),戰(zhàn)神盟,三國(guó)志,三國(guó)戰(zhàn),游戲列表。
大部分網(wǎng)頁(yè)小游戲網(wǎng)站都禁止爬取首頁(yè),游戲列表,游戲分類列表以及部分小游戲網(wǎng)頁(yè)。
小結(jié)
購(gòu)物網(wǎng)站大都將注意力放在用戶信息保護(hù)以及網(wǎng)站流量上面,網(wǎng)頁(yè)小游戲網(wǎng)站在關(guān)注網(wǎng)站流量的同時(shí),也會(huì)著重保護(hù)團(tuán)隊(duì)的創(chuàng)作成果。
Robots協(xié)議是網(wǎng)站出于安全和隱私考慮,防止搜索引擎抓取敏感信息而設(shè)置的。Robots協(xié)議代表了一種契約精神,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)只有遵守這一規(guī)則,才能保證網(wǎng)站及用戶的隱私數(shù)據(jù)不被侵犯。Robots協(xié)議是維護(hù)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)世界隱私安全的重要規(guī)則,是一種目前為止最有效的方式,用自律維持著網(wǎng)站與搜索引擎之間的平衡,讓兩者之間的利益不至于過度傾斜。