英國哲學家、數(shù)學家羅素對捍衛(wèi)世界和平有著極大的熱情，但同時，在怒斥英國法西斯聯(lián)盟的創(chuàng)始人 Sir Oswald Mosley 時卻又不失紳士風度。簡短的一封信便既優(yōu)雅又克制地訓斥了對方，想知道羅素是怎樣表達絕交的嗎？快來學習下吧！
▍背景介紹：
伯特蘭·羅素（Bertrand Russell，1872年 - 1970年），英國哲學家、數(shù)學家、文學家，分析哲學的主要創(chuàng)始人。作為哲學家，他寫成的《西方哲學史》一書膾炙人口；作為數(shù)學家，他發(fā)現(xiàn)的“羅素悖論”引發(fā)了20世紀初的數(shù)學基礎(chǔ)危機，他在數(shù)學領(lǐng)域的巨著《數(shù)學原理》成為了里程碑式的著作。除此之外，羅素熱愛和平，反對戰(zhàn)爭，是世界和平運動的倡導者和組織者。
羅素的著作《西方哲學史》，全書共3卷，全面地介紹了從古希臘羅馬時期到20世紀中葉四方哲學的發(fā)展過程。
Sir Oswald Mosley，英國極右翼政治家，組織創(chuàng)立英國法西斯聯(lián)盟。2006年被 BBC 評為“20世紀最可惡的英國人”。
▍書信原文
Dear Sir Oswald,
Thank you for your letter and for your enclosures. I have given some thought to our recent correspondence. It is always difficult to decide on how to respond to people whose ethos is so alien and, in fact, repellent to one's own.
亞里士多德提出了屬于技術(shù)范圍的三種基本說服方式：ethos: 道德上的說服；pathos: 情感上的說服（empathy: adj. 感同身受；同感 pathetic: adj. 可憐的，悲哀的）；logos: n. 理性；理法（邏輯上的說服）
It is not that I take exception to the general points made by you but that every ounce of my energy has been devoted to an active opposition to cruel bigotry, compulsive violence, and the sadistic persecution which has characterised the philosophy and practice of fascism.
I feel obliged to say that the emotional universes we inhabit are so distinct, and in deepest ways opposed, that nothing fruitful or sincere could ever emerge from association between us.
I should like you to understand the intensity of this conviction on my part. It is not out of any attempt to be rude that I say this but because of all that I value in human experience and human achievement.
Yours sincerely,
Bertrand Russell
▍語言點
enclosure: n. 附件
give some thought to: 思考…… （think about sth. / reflect on sth.）
correspondence: n. 互通信件（be in correspondence with somebody）
ethos: n. 道德觀；精神氣質(zhì)（ethos is a Greek word originally meaning "accustomed place" and habitat. ）
ethic: n. 道德準則
alien: adj. 完全不同的
repellent: adj. 排斥的；截然相反的
take exception to: be angry or upset because of something
ounce: n. 盎司（英制計量單位，既是重量單位又是容量單位，符號為 ounce 或 oz ）
every ounce of: 每一點（There's not an ounce of truth in what he says.）
be obliged to do: 有義務(wù)做……
inhabit: vt. 棲息；居住
intensity: n. 強度
conviction: n. 堅定的信念
be out of attempt to do: 出于……的企圖和原因
▍補充
"War was always a great evil, but in some particularly extreme circumstances, it may be the lesser of two evils."? (Bertrand Russell)
the lesser of two evils: 兩害相權(quán)取其輕
His varied and significant writings, in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought.
Sir Oswald Mosley: 奧斯瓦爾德·莫斯利爵士是一名英國極右翼政治家，因組織創(chuàng)立英國法西斯聯(lián)盟（British Fascist Union）而出名。
《羅素自傳》的序言《我為什么而活著》中提到人生中最重要的三種熱情：
the longing for love 對愛的追求；
the search for knowledge 對知識的探索；
and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind 對人類痛苦難以忘懷的憐憫之心。
