mysql5.6安裝手冊(cè)
linux系統(tǒng)：Centos 7.4(使用
lsb_release -a查看版本信息)
mysql版本：mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
下載地址
- 最新版：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
- 舊版：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html - （5.5.62 / 5.6.46 / 5.7.28）
安裝步驟
0. 卸載老版本mysql
find / -name mysql
rm -rf 上邊查找到的路徑，多個(gè)路徑用空格隔開(kāi)
1. 下載、解壓
進(jìn)入安裝目錄
cd /usr/local
下載
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
解壓
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2. 重命名、刪除安裝包
重命名
mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
刪除安裝包
rm -f mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3. 添加mysql用戶組和mysql用戶
檢查是否存在mysql用戶組
groups mysql
若有，則跳過(guò)
若無(wú)，則添加
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
4. 進(jìn)入mysql目錄更改權(quán)限
cd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
5. 執(zhí)行安裝腳本
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
遇到報(bào)錯(cuò)一：
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper
解決方法：
yum -y install autoconf
遇到報(bào)錯(cuò)二：
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解決方法：
yum -y install libaio-devel
安裝完之后修改當(dāng)前目錄擁有者為root用戶，修改data目錄擁有者為mysql
chown -R root:root ./
chown -R mysql:mysql data
mysql配置
6. 啟動(dòng)mysql
啟動(dòng)mysql
./support-files/mysql.server start
遇到報(bào)錯(cuò)一：
./support-files/mysql.server: line 244: my_print_defaults: command not found
./support-files/mysql.server: line 264: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQLCouldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/[FAILED]ld_safe)
報(bào)錯(cuò)原因：support-files/mysql.server文件中的mysql的安裝目錄跟實(shí)際的安裝目錄不符，需要修改該文件。
解決方法：
vim support-files/mysql.server
進(jìn)入文件，修改以下內(nèi)容
繼續(xù)啟動(dòng)
遇到報(bào)錯(cuò)二：
Starting MySQL.191129 15:40:20 mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/i[FAILED]w0bd0i0xw8wr8Z.pid).
解決方法：
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb
終于啟動(dòng)成功。
查看serve運(yùn)行狀態(tài)
ps aux | grep mysql
7. 登錄mysql
./bin/mysql -uroot -p
或者使用
cd /usr/local/bin
./mysql -uroot -p
首次登錄mysql輸入回車即可登錄
遇到報(bào)錯(cuò)一：
./bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)'
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' exists!
解決方法：
查看/etc/my.cnf，發(fā)現(xiàn)socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
執(zhí)行命令，將/tmp/目錄下的mysql.sock指向的連接是/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
8. 修改mysql密碼
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password = password('123456') where user = root;
查看用戶信息
mysql> select host, user, password from user;
9. 添加開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)
首先需要將support-files/mysql.server服務(wù)腳本復(fù)制到/etc/init.d/，并重命名為mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
通過(guò)chkconfig命令將mysqld服務(wù)加入到自啟動(dòng)服務(wù)項(xiàng)中
chkconfig --add mysql
查看是否添加成功
chkconfig --list mysql
如果看到mysql的服務(wù)，并且3,4,5都是on的話則成功，如果是off，則執(zhí)行
chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
啟動(dòng)mysql：service mysql start
重啟mysql：service mysql restart
關(guān)閉mysql：service mysql stop
查看serve運(yùn)行狀態(tài)：service mysql status
10. 把mysql客戶端放到默認(rèn)路徑
注意：建議使用軟鏈過(guò)去，不要直接包文件復(fù)制，便于系統(tǒng)安裝多個(gè)版本的mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/mysql
11. 配置my.conf
vim my.conf
添加以下內(nèi)容
character-set-server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=100M
配置好之后，重啟mysql服務(wù)
service mysql restart
問(wèn)題集合
- 遠(yuǎn)程連接mysql配置
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
- ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user ''@'localhost' to database 'mysql'
修改my.cnf：vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-table
重啟mysql，輸入mysql
mysql> delete from user where user='';
mysql> flush privileges;
還原my.cnf的配置，重啟
