前言
大家都知道蘋果他老人家很注重用戶的隱私保護(hù)，所以我們一般在訪問用戶的隱私（比如相冊(cè)、相機(jī)）的時(shí)候都需要用戶授權(quán)，那么您真的了解用戶授權(quán)嗎？今天小編就細(xì)細(xì)道來。
自問自答
關(guān)于授權(quán)的幾個(gè)問題
1、系統(tǒng)訪問授權(quán)是必須要設(shè)置的嗎？怎么設(shè)置？
答：是的，如果沒有，iOS10.0之后會(huì)崩潰的，崩潰信息如下
This app has crashed because it attempted to access privacy-sensitive data without a usage description. The app's Info.plist must contain an NSContactsUsageDescription key with a string value explaining to the user how the app uses this data.
解決辦法：
只要在info.plist里面設(shè)置對(duì)應(yīng)信息就可以了
2、系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的彈框怎么來的？
答：只要在info.plist文件中設(shè)置了您需要訪問的參數(shù)（key 和NSString），就會(huì)有默認(rèn)彈框，溫馨提示：彈框的文字內(nèi)容要注意編寫，否則會(huì)被拒絕哦
<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問您的麥克風(fēng)(彈框文字)</string>
3、用戶第一次授權(quán)點(diǎn)擊不允許怎么辦？
A方案：我們自定義一個(gè)彈框，提示用戶要設(shè)置授權(quán)
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開相機(jī)\n設(shè)置方法: 打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->相機(jī)"];
//彈框提示
+ (void)showWithMessage:(NSString *)tipString
{
UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"溫馨提示" message:tipString delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"確定" otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alter show];
}
B方案：直接跳轉(zhuǎn)到設(shè)置頁面設(shè)置隱私
//引導(dǎo)到設(shè)置頁面去設(shè)置
+ (void)gotoSetting
{
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString];
if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication]canOpenURL:url]) {
[[UIApplication sharedApplication]openURL:url];
}
}
/**
跳轉(zhuǎn)到設(shè)置權(quán)限界面
*/
+ (void)gotoSettingPrivacyWithType:(LZBAppSettingType)type
{
NSString *jumpString =LZBAppSettingTypeValue[type];
if(jumpString.length == 0)
{
[self gotoSetting];
return;
}
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:jumpString];
if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication]canOpenURL:url]) {
[[UIApplication sharedApplication]openURL:url];
}
}
注意：小編提醒，iOS10.0之前Prefs:root=General&path=CAMERA系列還有用，但是iOS10.0之后沒有用了，可以直接使用UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString就可以跳轉(zhuǎn)到對(duì)應(yīng)的設(shè)置頁面
相機(jī)授權(quán)
1、導(dǎo)入框架 #import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
2、檢測(cè)授權(quán)，如果是第一次那么狀態(tài)肯定是AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined，此時(shí)我們要點(diǎn)擊系統(tǒng)彈框，并且調(diào)用+ (void)requestAccessForMediaType:(NSString *)mediaType completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL granted))handler 檢測(cè)點(diǎn)擊授權(quán)與否，如果點(diǎn)擊不允許，那么我們就可以采用上述的A和B方案
/**
檢測(cè)錄制視頻的相機(jī)是否授權(quán)
*/
+ (BOOL)checkVideoCameraAuthorization
{
__block BOOL isAvalible = NO;
__weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;
AVAuthorizationStatus status = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
switch (status) {
case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: //授權(quán)
isAvalible = YES;
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied: //拒絕，彈框
{
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開相機(jī)\n設(shè)置方法:打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->相機(jī)"];
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: //沒有決定，第一次啟動(dòng)默認(rèn)彈框
{
//點(diǎn)擊彈框授權(quán)
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
isAvalible = granted;
if(!granted) //如果不允許
{
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf gotoSetting];
});
}
}];
}
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted: //受限制，家長(zhǎng)控制器
isAvalible = NO;
break;
}
return isAvalible;
}
3、注意在info.plist設(shè)置第一次彈框的文字內(nèi)容
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問您的照相機(jī)</string>
麥克風(fēng)授權(quán)
1.導(dǎo)入#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
2、方法和檢測(cè)相機(jī)差不多，只是把類型換成AVMediaTypeAudio。檢測(cè)授權(quán)，如果是第一次那么狀態(tài)肯定是AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined，此時(shí)我們要點(diǎn)擊系統(tǒng)彈框，并且調(diào)用+ (void)requestAccessForMediaType:(NSString *)mediaType completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL granted))handler 檢測(cè)點(diǎn)擊授權(quán)與否，如果點(diǎn)擊不允許，那么我們就可以采用上述的A和B方案
/**
檢測(cè)錄制視頻的麥克風(fēng)是否授權(quán)
*/
+ (BOOL)checkVideoMicrophoneAudioAuthorization
{
__block BOOL isAvalible = NO;
__weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;
AVAuthorizationStatus status = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];
switch (status) {
case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: //授權(quán)
isAvalible = YES;
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied: //拒絕，彈框
{
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開麥克風(fēng)\n設(shè)置方法:打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->麥克風(fēng)"];
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: //沒有決定，第一次啟動(dòng)
{
//點(diǎn)擊彈框授權(quán)
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
isAvalible = granted;
if(!granted) //如果不允許
{
//回到主線程
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf gotoSetting];
});
}
}];
}
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted: //受限制，家長(zhǎng)控制器
isAvalible = NO;
break;
}
return isAvalible;
}
3、注意在info.plist設(shè)置第一次彈框的文字內(nèi)容
<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問您的麥克風(fēng)</string>
相冊(cè)授權(quán)
1、iOS8.0之后，導(dǎo)入#import <Photos/Photos.h>
2、檢測(cè)授權(quán)，如果是第一次那么狀態(tài)肯定是PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined，此時(shí)我們要點(diǎn)擊系統(tǒng)彈框，并且調(diào)用+ (void)requestAuthorization:(void(^)(PHAuthorizationStatus status))handler檢測(cè)點(diǎn)擊授權(quán)與否，如果點(diǎn)擊不允許，那么我們就可以采用上述的A和B方案
/**
檢測(cè)相冊(cè)是否授權(quán)
*/
+ (BOOL)checkVideoPhotoAuthorization
{
__block BOOL isAvalible = NO;
__weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;
//iOS8.0之后
PHAuthorizationStatus photoStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (photoStatus) {
case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
isAvalible = YES;
break;
case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
{
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開相冊(cè)\n設(shè)置方法:打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->相冊(cè)"];
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
{
[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
isAvalible = YES;
}else{
isAvalible = NO; //回到主線程
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf gotoSetting];
});
}
}];
}
break;
case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
isAvalible = NO;
break;
default:
break;
}
return isAvalible;
};
3、注意在info.plist設(shè)置第一次彈框的文字內(nèi)容
<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問您的照片管理器</string>
通訊錄授權(quán)
1、導(dǎo)入框架
iOS9.0之前導(dǎo)入#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>
iOS9.0之后導(dǎo)入#import <Contacts/Contacts.h>
2、方法還是檢測(cè)授權(quán)狀態(tài)，如果第一次啟動(dòng)還是未決定，此時(shí)彈框系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的框，調(diào)用方法監(jiān)聽點(diǎn)擊結(jié)果（允許還是不允許），如果是不允許，還是采用A或B方案
// 檢測(cè)通訊錄是否授權(quán)
+ (BOOL)checkContactsAuthorization
{
__block BOOL isAvalible = NO;
__weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;
//iOS9.0之前
if([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue] <= __IPHONE_9_0)
{
ABAuthorizationStatus authorStatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
switch (authorStatus) {
case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
isAvalible = YES;
break;
case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
{
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開相冊(cè)\n設(shè)置方法:打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->通訊錄"];
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
{
__block ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
if (addressBook != NULL)
{
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
isAvalible = granted;
if (!granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf gotoSetting];
});
}
if (addressBook) {
CFRelease(addressBook);
addressBook = NULL;
}
});
}
}
break;
case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
isAvalible = NO;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
else//iOS9.0之后
{
CNAuthorizationStatus authStatus = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
switch (authStatus) {
case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
isAvalible = YES;
break;
case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:
{
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開相冊(cè)\n設(shè)置方法:打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->通訊錄"];
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
{
CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
[contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
isAvalible = granted;
if (!granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf gotoSetting];
});
}
}];
}
break;
case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
isAvalible = NO;
break;
}
}
return isAvalible;
}
3、注意在info.plist設(shè)置第一次彈框的文字內(nèi)容
<key>NSContactsUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問您的通訊錄</string>
定位授權(quán)
1、導(dǎo)入#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>，注意不是#import <CoreLocation/CLLocationManager.h>
2、定位授權(quán)不一樣，首先是檢測(cè)當(dāng)前定位狀態(tài)，同樣第一次都是kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined未決定，但是定位授權(quán)是
requestWhenInUseAuthorization、requestAlwaysAuthorization這兩個(gè)方法，并且監(jiān)聽方式是采用代理的方式監(jiān)聽
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status
這里只是監(jiān)聽的介紹定位授權(quán)，定位具體信息都要結(jié)合具體的項(xiàng)目使用
+ (BOOL)checkLocationAuthorization
{
__block BOOL isAvalible = NO;
if(![CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled])
return NO;
CLAuthorizationStatus locationStatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
switch (locationStatus) {
case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
isAvalible = NO;
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
{
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
isAvalible = NO;
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
{
[self showWithMessage:@"此功能需要您授權(quán)本App打開相冊(cè)\n設(shè)置方法:打開手機(jī)設(shè)置->隱私->位置信息"];
isAvalible = NO;
}
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
isAvalible = YES;
break;
default:
break;
}
return isAvalible;
}
3、注意在info.plist設(shè)置第一次彈框的文字內(nèi)容
<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問獲取您的位置信息</string>
<key>NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
<string>xxxapp需要訪問一直獲取您的位置信息</string>
我已經(jīng)把檢測(cè)代碼封裝LZBAuthorizationManger成工具類可以使用到任意的項(xiàng)目，低耦合
源碼下載地址：自定義視頻錄制方法之最優(yōu)方案
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