APIs

createElement

React.createElement(
  type,
  [props],
  [...children]
)

創(chuàng)建并返回一個(gè)指定類型的 React element。 type參數(shù)可以是標(biāo)簽字符串 (比如 'div' 或者 'span'), 一個(gè) React component 組件(a class or a function),或者是 React fragment 類型.

cloneElement

React.cloneElement(
  element,
  [props],
  [...children]
)

克隆并返回一個(gè)新的react-element。返回的新的reactElement會(huì)有原始element的屬性，新賦予的屬性將會(huì)和原始屬性進(jìn)行淺合并。新的子組件將會(huì)替換原來的子組件。key和ref屬性將會(huì)被保留。

React.cloneElement() 近似等于:

<element.type {...element.props} {...props}>{children}</element.type>

但是，這也保留了組件的 ref。這意味著當(dāng)通過 ref 獲取子節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)，你將不會(huì)意外地從你祖先節(jié)點(diǎn)上竊取它。相同的 ref 將添加到克隆后的新元素中。

createFactory

React.createFactory(type)

返回用于生成指定類型 React 元素的函數(shù)。與 React.createElement() 相似的是，類型參數(shù)既可以是標(biāo)簽名字符串（像是 'div' 或 'span'），也可以是 React 組件 類型 （class 組件或函數(shù)組件），或是 React fragment 類型。

此輔助函數(shù)已廢棄，建議使用 JSX 或直接調(diào)用 React.createElement() 來替代它。

isValidElement()

React.isValidElement(object)

驗(yàn)證對(duì)象是否為 React 元素，返回值為 true 或 false。

源碼解析：

some utils:

import invariant from 'shared/invariant';
import warningWithoutStack from 'shared/warningWithoutStack';
import {REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE} from 'shared/ReactSymbols';

import ReactCurrentOwner from './ReactCurrentOwner';

const hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;

const RESERVED_PROPS = {
  key: true,
  ref: true,
  __self: true,
  __source: true,
};

let specialPropKeyWarningShown, specialPropRefWarningShown;

function hasValidRef(config) {
  if (__DEV__) {
    if (hasOwnProperty.call(config, 'ref')) {
      const getter = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(config, 'ref').get;
      if (getter && getter.isReactWarning) {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }
  return config.ref !== undefined;
}

function hasValidKey(config) {
  if (__DEV__) {
    if (hasOwnProperty.call(config, 'key')) {
      const getter = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(config, 'key').get;
      if (getter && getter.isReactWarning) {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }
  return config.key !== undefined;
}

function defineKeyPropWarningGetter(props, displayName) {
  const warnAboutAccessingKey = function() {
    if (!specialPropKeyWarningShown) {
      specialPropKeyWarningShown = true;
      warningWithoutStack(
        false,
        '%s: `key` is not a prop. Trying to access it will result ' +
          'in `undefined` being returned. If you need to access the same ' +
          'value within the child component, you should pass it as a different ' +
          'prop. (https://fb.me/react-special-props)',
        displayName,
      );
    }
  };
  warnAboutAccessingKey.isReactWarning = true;
  Object.defineProperty(props, 'key', {
    get: warnAboutAccessingKey,
    configurable: true,
  });
}

function defineRefPropWarningGetter(props, displayName) {
  const warnAboutAccessingRef = function() {
    if (!specialPropRefWarningShown) {
      specialPropRefWarningShown = true;
      warningWithoutStack(
        false,
        '%s: `ref` is not a prop. Trying to access it will result ' +
          'in `undefined` being returned. If you need to access the same ' +
          'value within the child component, you should pass it as a different ' +
          'prop. (https://fb.me/react-special-props)',
        displayName,
      );
    }
  };
  warnAboutAccessingRef.isReactWarning = true;
  Object.defineProperty(props, 'ref', {
    get: warnAboutAccessingRef,
    configurable: true,
  });
}

• RESERVED_PROPS保留屬性：在構(gòu)造ReactElement時(shí)，如果config參數(shù)中含有保留屬性，這些屬性會(huì)被單獨(dú)提取出來，作為參數(shù)另外傳入ReactElement()
• hasValidRef和hasValidKey: 判斷config參數(shù)中是否有保留屬性的兩個(gè)工具方法。
• defineKeyPropWarningGetter和defineRefPropWarningGetter對(duì)于ref和key這兩個(gè)特殊的屬性，react不允許開發(fā)者去props上直接獲取，開發(fā)環(huán)境下，會(huì)給出警告日志。

核心API

/**
 * Factory method to create a new React element. This no longer adheres to
 * the class pattern, so do not use new to call it. Also, no instanceof check
 * will work. Instead test $$typeof field against Symbol.for('react.element') to check
 * if something is a React Element.
 *
 * @param {*} type
 * @param {*} props
 * @param {*} key
 * @param {string|object} ref
 * @param {*} owner
 * @param {*} self A *temporary* helper to detect places where `this` is
 * different from the `owner` when React.createElement is called, so that we
 * can warn. We want to get rid of owner and replace string `ref`s with arrow
 * functions, and as long as `this` and owner are the same, there will be no
 * change in behavior.
 * @param {*} source An annotation object (added by a transpiler or otherwise)
 * indicating filename, line number, and/or other information.
 * @internal
 */
const ReactElement = function(type, key, ref, self, source, owner, props) {
  const element = {
    // This tag allows us to uniquely identify this as a React Element
    $$typeof: REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE,

    // Built-in properties that belong on the element
    type: type,
    key: key,
    ref: ref,
    props: props,

    // Record the component responsible for creating this element.
    _owner: owner,
  };

  if (__DEV__) {
    // The validation flag is currently mutative. We put it on
    // an external backing store so that we can freeze the whole object.
    // This can be replaced with a WeakMap once they are implemented in
    // commonly used development environments.
    element._store = {};

    // To make comparing ReactElements easier for testing purposes, we make
    // the validation flag non-enumerable (where possible, which should
    // include every environment we run tests in), so the test framework
    // ignores it.
    Object.defineProperty(element._store, 'validated', {
      configurable: false,
      enumerable: false,
      writable: true,
      value: false,
    });
    // self and source are DEV only properties.
    Object.defineProperty(element, '_self', {
      configurable: false,
      enumerable: false,
      writable: false,
      value: self,
    });
    // Two elements created in two different places should be considered
    // equal for testing purposes and therefore we hide it from enumeration.
    Object.defineProperty(element, '_source', {
      configurable: false,
      enumerable: false,
      writable: false,
      value: source,
    });
    if (Object.freeze) {
      Object.freeze(element.props);
      Object.freeze(element);
    }
  }

  return element;
};

ReactElement函數(shù)定義了ReactElement對(duì)象，并且會(huì)返回ReactElement對(duì)象，這個(gè)對(duì)象中會(huì)有ref、key、props等屬性。另外在開發(fā)環(huán)境中，會(huì)有額外的_self和_source用來幫助開發(fā)者判斷debug this指針和出錯(cuò)時(shí)定位代碼。
額外定義element._store.validated屬性為不可枚舉的原因是為了測(cè)試的時(shí)候方便書寫測(cè)試用例，同時(shí)可以凍結(jié)element對(duì)象。

createElement

/**
 * Create and return a new ReactElement of the given type.
 * See https://reactjs.org/docs/react-api.html#createelement
 */
export function createElement(type, config, children) {
  let propName;

  // Reserved names are extracted
  const props = {};

  let key = null;
  let ref = null;
  let self = null;
  let source = null;

  if (config != null) {
    if (hasValidRef(config)) {
      ref = config.ref;
    }
    if (hasValidKey(config)) {
      key = '' + config.key;
    }

    self = config.__self === undefined ? null : config.__self;
    source = config.__source === undefined ? null : config.__source;
    // Remaining properties are added to a new props object
    for (propName in config) {
      if (
        hasOwnProperty.call(config, propName) &&
        !RESERVED_PROPS.hasOwnProperty(propName)
      ) {
        props[propName] = config[propName];
      }
    }
  }

  // Children can be more than one argument, and those are transferred onto
  // the newly allocated props object.
  const childrenLength = arguments.length - 2;
  if (childrenLength === 1) {
    props.children = children;
  } else if (childrenLength > 1) {
    const childArray = Array(childrenLength);
    for (let i = 0; i < childrenLength; i++) {
      childArray[i] = arguments[i + 2];
    }
    if (__DEV__) {
      if (Object.freeze) {
        Object.freeze(childArray);
      }
    }
    props.children = childArray;
  }

  // Resolve default props
  if (type && type.defaultProps) {
    const defaultProps = type.defaultProps;
    for (propName in defaultProps) {
      if (props[propName] === undefined) {
        props[propName] = defaultProps[propName];
      }
    }
  }
  if (__DEV__) {
    if (key || ref) {
      const displayName =
        typeof type === 'function'
          ? type.displayName || type.name || 'Unknown'
          : type;
      if (key) {
        defineKeyPropWarningGetter(props, displayName);
      }
      if (ref) {
        defineRefPropWarningGetter(props, displayName);
      }
    }
  }
  return ReactElement(
    type,
    key,
    ref,
    self,
    source,
    ReactCurrentOwner.current,
    props,
  );
}

createElement函數(shù)會(huì)接受type, config, children三個(gè)參數(shù)，針對(duì)config會(huì)比對(duì)RESERVED_PROPS做特殊處理，把保留的屬性作為額外參數(shù)傳入ReactElement;另外針對(duì)children會(huì)去判斷children是否是多參數(shù)的，如果是多個(gè)children，會(huì)作為數(shù)組賦給props.children。

cloneAndReplaceKey

export function cloneAndReplaceKey(oldElement, newKey) {
  const newElement = ReactElement(
    oldElement.type,
    newKey,
    oldElement.ref,
    oldElement._self,
    oldElement._source,
    oldElement._owner,
    oldElement.props,
  );

  return newElement;
}

會(huì)復(fù)制原來的ReactElement只是替換下key而已。

cloneElement

/**
 * Clone and return a new ReactElement using element as the starting point.
 * See https://reactjs.org/docs/react-api.html#cloneelement
 */
export function cloneElement(element, config, children) {
  invariant(
    !(element === null || element === undefined),
    'React.cloneElement(...): The argument must be a React element, but you passed %s.',
    element,
  );

  let propName;

  // Original props are copied
  const props = Object.assign({}, element.props);

  // Reserved names are extracted
  let key = element.key;
  let ref = element.ref;
  // Self is preserved since the owner is preserved.
  const self = element._self;
  // Source is preserved since cloneElement is unlikely to be targeted by a
  // transpiler, and the original source is probably a better indicator of the
  // true owner.
  const source = element._source;

  // Owner will be preserved, unless ref is overridden
  let owner = element._owner;

  if (config != null) {
    if (hasValidRef(config)) {
      // Silently steal the ref from the parent.
      ref = config.ref;
      owner = ReactCurrentOwner.current;
    }
    if (hasValidKey(config)) {
      key = '' + config.key;
    }

    // Remaining properties override existing props
    let defaultProps;
    if (element.type && element.type.defaultProps) {
      defaultProps = element.type.defaultProps;
    }
    for (propName in config) {
      if (
        hasOwnProperty.call(config, propName) &&
        !RESERVED_PROPS.hasOwnProperty(propName)
      ) {
        if (config[propName] === undefined && defaultProps !== undefined) {
          // Resolve default props
          props[propName] = defaultProps[propName];
        } else {
          props[propName] = config[propName];
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // Children can be more than one argument, and those are transferred onto
  // the newly allocated props object.
  const childrenLength = arguments.length - 2;
  if (childrenLength === 1) {
    props.children = children;
  } else if (childrenLength > 1) {
    const childArray = Array(childrenLength);
    for (let i = 0; i < childrenLength; i++) {
      childArray[i] = arguments[i + 2];
    }
    props.children = childArray;
  }

  return ReactElement(element.type, key, ref, self, source, owner, props);
}

類似于createElement，不同的是對(duì)于props會(huì)做一次淺合并。

isValidElement

/**
 * Verifies the object is a ReactElement.
 * See https://reactjs.org/docs/react-api.html#isvalidelement
 * @param {?object} object
 * @return {boolean} True if `object` is a ReactElement.
 * @final
 */
export function isValidElement(object) {
  return (
    typeof object === 'object' &&
    object !== null &&
    object.$$typeof === REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE
  );
}

判斷是否是有效的ReactElement類型。