前言

MVC自1982年被設(shè)計出來，至今都有著很大比重的使用率，特別是目前軟件及游戲迭代如此之快的情況下。高效的增刪功能，低耦合又小巧靈活的框架MVC，深受廣大ProgramDesigner的喜愛，本篇簡單介紹一下，Unity中MVC框架的簡單應用，予以拋磚引玉之意。

• 首先看一下MVC組件類型的關(guān)系和功能

  
  
  MVC組件類型的關(guān)系和功能（摘自百度百科）

  數(shù)據(jù)是程序的靈魂，視圖是看清靈魂的眼睛，控制器從中撥開迷霧，這就形成了現(xiàn)在的MVC。
  

• MVC的業(yè)務流程

MVC的業(yè)務流程

 大多數(shù)的程序都是由用戶輸入開始，到用戶得到反饋結(jié)束，如此循環(huán)。

• 簡單實例-Model

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

/// <summary>
/// 模型委托（當用戶信息發(fā)生變化時執(zhí)行）
/// </summary>
public delegate void OnValueChange (int val);

public class PlayerMsgModel
{
    //玩家等級
    private int playerLevel;
    //玩家經(jīng)驗
    private int playerExperience;
    //玩家升級經(jīng)驗
    private int playerFullExperience;
    //金幣數(shù)量
    private int goldNum;
    //聲明委托對象，接收當?shù)燃壈l(fā)生變化時，觸發(fā)的事件
    public OnValueChange OnLevelChange;
    //聲明委托對象，接收當經(jīng)驗發(fā)生變化時，觸發(fā)的事件
    public OnValueChange OnExperienceChange;
    //聲明委托對象，接收當升級經(jīng)驗發(fā)生變化時，觸發(fā)的事件
    public OnValueChange OnFullExperienceChange;
    //聲明委托對象，接收當金幣數(shù)量發(fā)生變化時，觸發(fā)的事件
    public OnValueChange OnGoldNumChange;

    //單例
    private static PlayerMsgModel mod;

    public static PlayerMsgModel GetMod ()
    {
        if (mod == null) {
            mod = new PlayerMsgModel ();
        }
        return mod;
    }

    private PlayerMsgModel ()
    {
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 玩家等級屬性
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The player level.</value>
    public int PlayerLevel {
        get {
            return playerLevel;
        }
        set {
            playerLevel = value;
            //如果委托對象不為空
            if (OnLevelChange != null) {
                //執(zhí)行委托
                OnLevelChange (playerLevel);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 玩家經(jīng)驗屬性
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The player experience.</value>
    public int PlayerExperience {
        get {
            return playerExperience;
        }
        set {
            playerExperience = value;
            if (OnExperienceChange != null) {
                OnExperienceChange (playerExperience);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 玩家升級經(jīng)驗屬性
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The player full experience.</value>
    public int PlayerFullExperience {
        get {
            return playerFullExperience;
        }
        set {
            playerFullExperience = value;
            if (OnFullExperienceChange != null) {
                OnFullExperienceChange (playerFullExperience);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 金幣數(shù)量屬性
    /// </summary>
    /// <value>The gold number.</value>
    public int GoldNum {
        get {
            return goldNum;
        }
        set {
            goldNum = value;
            if (OnGoldNumChange != null) {
                OnGoldNumChange (goldNum);
            }
        }
    }
}

• 簡單實例-View

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine.UI;

public class PlayerMsgView : MonoBehaviour
{
    //UI
    public Text playerLevel;
    public Text playerExperience;
    public Text goldNum;
    public Button experienceUpButton;

    void Start ()
    {
        //委托事件綁定
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().OnLevelChange += SetLevel;
        //委托事件綁定
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().OnExperienceChange += SetExperience;

        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().OnFullExperienceChange += SetFullExperience;
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().OnGoldNumChange += SetGoldNum;
        //View綁定按鈕控制功能
        experienceUpButton.onClick.AddListener (
            PlayerMsgController.controller.OnExperienceUpButtonClick);
    }

    //修改UILevel值
    public void SetLevel (int level)
    {
        playerLevel.text = level.ToString ();
    }

    //修改UI經(jīng)驗值
    public void SetExperience (int experience)
    {
        //將字符串以“/”拆開
        string[] str = playerExperience.text.Split (new char []{ '/' });
        //用新的經(jīng)驗值重組
        playerExperience.text = experience + "/" + str [1];
    }

    public void SetFullExperience (int fullExiperience)
    {
        string[] str = playerExperience.text.Split (new char []{ '/' });

        playerExperience.text = str [0] + "/" + fullExiperience;
    }

    public void SetGoldNum (int goldn)
    {
        goldNum.text = goldn.ToString ();
    }

}

• 簡單實例-Controller

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class PlayerMsgController : MonoBehaviour
{
    public static PlayerMsgController controller;

    private int levelUpValue = 20;

    void Awake ()
    {
        controller = this;
    }

    void Start ()
    {
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerLevel = 1;
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerExperience = 0;
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerFullExperience = 100;
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().GoldNum = 0;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 提升經(jīng)驗按鈕點擊事件
    /// </summary>
    public void OnExperienceUpButtonClick ()
    {
        PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerExperience += levelUpValue;
        if (PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerExperience
            >= PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerFullExperience) {
            PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerLevel += 1;
            PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerFullExperience +=
                200 * PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerLevel;
            levelUpValue += 20;
            if (PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerLevel % 3 == 0) {
                PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().GoldNum +=
                    100 * PlayerMsgModel.GetMod ().PlayerLevel;
            }
        }
    }
}

• 效果展示

效果展示.gif

結(jié)束語

MVC只是程序框架中的其中一種，其實每個架構(gòu)師腦子里都存著很多說不出名字的框架，這就是為什么人家叫架構(gòu)師，你叫程序員的原因。有一個好的程序框架，比糊里糊涂的寫代碼強千萬倍，靈活迭代、高效編碼，只要你想，你就可以。