前言
項(xiàng)目中UITextfield使用的比較頻繁,對于placeholder可以直接設(shè)置,文字,顏色,字體等等,但是UITextView繼承自UIScrollView,并沒有placeholder屬性。項(xiàng)目中以前就有使用到UITextView的placeholder,當(dāng)時只是外加了一個UILabel,但是每次都需要重新定制label,所以想著能夠?qū)懸粋€類別,添加一個label,實(shí)現(xiàn)字體,顏色,位置的可調(diào)節(jié)。
這里主要是在GitHub上面發(fā)現(xiàn)一個很好的類別,該類別的編寫者也是我所喜歡的一位iOS開發(fā)者。自己嘗試寫了一次,有了一定的了解,所以記錄下來,方便以后查閱。
Demo地址:碼云demo下載地址
首先先上圖看看效果:
默認(rèn)效果圖:

設(shè)置顏色和location圖:


下面開始解析代碼
根據(jù)意圖,也是在UITextView中添加一個UILabel,然后添加文字,顏色,富文本,位置等屬性,實(shí)現(xiàn)placeholder的可定制。
.h 解析
- (readOnly)UILabel *placeholdLabel
- NSString *placeholder placeholder 文字
- UIColor *placeholderColor 顏色
- NSAttributedString *attributePlaceholder 富文本
- CGPoint location 位置
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface UITextView (WJPlaceholder)
@property(nonatomic,readonly) UILabel *placeholdLabel;
@property(nonatomic,strong) IBInspectable NSString *placeholder;
@property(nonatomic,strong) IBInspectable UIColor *placeholderColor;
@property(nonnull,strong) NSAttributedString *attributePlaceholder;
@property(nonatomic,assign) CGPoint location;
+ (UIColor *)defaultColor; //獲取默認(rèn)顏色(選取UITextFiled的placeholder顏色)
@end
使用IBInspectable修飾,可以使該屬性在interface builder中進(jìn)行編輯。placeholder和placeholder color都可以在user defined runtime attributes中進(jìn)行配置,如下圖:


.m 解析
首先設(shè)置三個key值,用于關(guān)聯(lián)屬性的創(chuàng)建和獲取
static char *labelKey = "placeholderKey";
static char *needAdjust = "needAdjust";
static char *changeLocation = "location";
創(chuàng)建的類別是不支持添加屬性的,要實(shí)現(xiàn)屬性的可設(shè)置,可以使用runtime來動態(tài)設(shè)置和獲取屬性值。
runtime添加關(guān)聯(lián)屬性
void objc_setAssociatedObject(id object, const void *key, id value, objc_AssociationPolicy policy)
第一個參數(shù)(object)表示要添加屬性的類,第二參數(shù)(const void *key)為一個key值,用來獲取設(shè)置的屬性值,第三個參數(shù)(value)為屬性的值,第四個參數(shù)(objc_AssociationPolicy policy)為屬性的修飾類型:一共有5個可選項(xiàng):
typedef OBJC_ENUM(uintptr_t, objc_AssociationPolicy) {
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_ASSIGN = 0, /**< Specifies a weak reference to the associated object. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC = 1, /**< Specifies a strong reference to the associated object.
* The association is not made atomically. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC = 3, /**< Specifies that the associated object is copied.
* The association is not made atomically. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN = 01401, /**< Specifies a strong reference to the associated object.
* The association is made atomically. */
OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY = 01403 /**< Specifies that the associated object is copied.
* The association is made atomically. */
};
分別對應(yīng)assign,retain_nonatomic,copy_nonatomic,retain,copy。
runtime獲取成員屬性方法為:
id objc_getAssociatedObject(id object, const void *key)
第一個參數(shù)(object)為屬性所屬的類,一般使用self,第二個參數(shù)(key)為key值,和設(shè)置關(guān)聯(lián)屬性時使用的key一樣。
placeholderLabel為readOnly,重寫其get方法。
/**
* 設(shè)置placeholderLabel
*
* @return label
*/
- (UILabel *)placeholdLabel
{
UILabel *label = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, labelKey);
if (!label) {
label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;
label.numberOfLines = 0;
label.textColor = [self.class defaultColor];
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, labelKey, label, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
//添加通知
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(updateLabel) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
//監(jiān)聽font的變化
[self addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"font" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
}
return label;
}
/**
* 設(shè)置默認(rèn)顏色
*
* @return color
*/
+ (UIColor *)defaultColor
{
static UIColor *color = nil;
static dispatch_once_t once_t;
dispatch_once(&once_t, ^{
UITextField *textField = [[UITextField alloc] init];
textField.placeholder = @" ";
color = [textField valueForKeyPath:@"_placeholderLabel.textColor"];
});
return color;
}
創(chuàng)建UILabel時,設(shè)置基本屬性,這里采用UITextfiled的placeholder的顏色作為默認(rèn)顏色。
同時添加對UITextView的狀態(tài)通知,UITextView主要有以下幾個通知可供使用
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidBeginEditingNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidEndEditingNotification;
這里使用UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification,在text改變的時候執(zhí)行updateLabel方法,進(jìn)行l(wèi)abel的顯示和隱藏以及其他設(shè)置。
對于UITextView的字體,使用KVO監(jiān)聽UITextView的font屬性,在設(shè)置時改變placeholderLabel的font。
以下是一些成員屬性的set get方法,通過set方法,將text,color,attributedText賦給placeholderLabel。
該類別主要使用runtime創(chuàng)建了3個關(guān)聯(lián)屬性,分別為
- placeholderLabel
- location CGPoint 位置
- needAdJust BOOL 判斷是否需要調(diào)整
- (void)setPlaceholder:(NSString *)placeholder
{
self.placeholdLabel.text = placeholder;
[self updateLabel];
}
- (NSString *)placeholder
{
return self.placeholdLabel.text;
}
- (void)setPlaceholderColor:(UIColor *)placeholderColor
{
self.placeholdLabel.textColor = placeholderColor;
[self updateLabel];
}
- (UIColor *)placeholderColor
{
return self.placeholdLabel.textColor;
}
- (void)setAttributePlaceholder:(NSAttributedString *)attributePlaceholder
{
self.placeholdLabel.attributedText = attributePlaceholder;
[self updateLabel];
}
- (NSAttributedString *)attributePlaceholder
{
return self.placeholdLabel.attributedText;
}
- (void)setLocation:(CGPoint)location
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, changeLocation,NSStringFromCGPoint(location), OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[self updateLabel];
}
-(CGPoint)location
{
return CGPointFromString(objc_getAssociatedObject(self, changeLocation));
}
//是否需要調(diào)整字體
- (BOOL)needAdjustFont
{
return [objc_getAssociatedObject(self, needAdjust) boolValue ];
}
- (void)setNeedAdjustFont:(BOOL)needAdjustFont
{
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, needAdjust, @(needAdjustFont), OBJC_ASSOCIATION_ASSIGN);
}
KVO 監(jiān)聽方法,判斷是否是font,執(zhí)行updataLabel方法。
- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context
{
if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"font"])
{
self.needAdjustFont = YES;
[self updateLabel];
}
}
下面則是更新placeholderLabel的主要方法,調(diào)整位置,字體等。
/**
* 更新label信息
*/
- (void)updateLabel
{
if (self.text.length) {
[self.placeholdLabel removeFromSuperview];
return;
}
//顯示label
[self insertSubview:self.placeholdLabel atIndex:0];
//是否需要更新字體(NO 采用默認(rèn)字體大?。? if (self.needAdjustFont) {
self.placeholdLabel.font = self.font;
self.needAdjustFont = NO;
}
CGFloat lineFragmentPadding = self.textContainer.lineFragmentPadding; //邊距
UIEdgeInsets contentInset = self.textContainerInset;
//設(shè)置label frame
CGFloat labelX = lineFragmentPadding + contentInset.left;
CGFloat labelY = contentInset.top;
if (self.location.x != 0 || self.location.y != 0) {
if (self.location.x < 0 || self.location.x > CGRectGetWidth(self.bounds) - lineFragmentPadding - contentInset.right || self.location.y< 0) {
// 不做處理
}else{
labelX += self.location.x;
labelY += self.location.y;
}
}
CGFloat labelW = CGRectGetWidth(self.bounds) - contentInset.right - labelX;
CGFloat labelH = [self.placeholdLabel sizeThatFits:CGSizeMake(labelW, MAXFLOAT)].height;
self.placeholdLabel.frame = CGRectMake(labelX, labelY, labelW, labelH);
}
對于placeholderLabel的frame設(shè)置,需要考慮幾個方面:
- lineFragmentPadding UITextView textContainer邊距
- contentInset 輸入?yún)^(qū)域偏移 UIEdgeInsets
- location 設(shè)置的位置
- labeltextHeight placeholder的text高度
placeholder的frame.orgin.x = 邊距l(xiāng)ineFragmentPadding + contentInset.left + location.x;
frame.orgin.y = contentInset.top + location.y;
frame.size.width = UITextView的寬度 - placeholder的frame.orgin.x - contentInset.right;
frame.height = placeholder.text的高度