給定一個(gè)整數(shù) n，生成所有由 1 ... n 為節(jié)點(diǎn)所組成的二叉搜索樹(shù)。

示例:

輸入: 3
輸出:
[
  [1,null,3,2],
  [3,2,null,1],
  [3,1,null,null,2],
  [2,1,3],
  [1,null,2,null,3]
]
解釋:
以上的輸出對(duì)應(yīng)以下 5 種不同結(jié)構(gòu)的二叉搜索樹(shù)：

   1         3     3      2      1
    \       /     /      / \      \
     3     2     1      1   3      2
    /     /       \                 \
   2     1         2                 3

代碼

class Solution {
public:
    vector<TreeNode *> generateTrees(int n) {
        if (n == 0) return {};
        return *generateTreesDFS(1, n);
    }
    vector<TreeNode*> *generateTreesDFS(int start, int end) {
        vector<TreeNode*> *subTree = new vector<TreeNode*>();
        if (start > end) subTree->push_back(NULL);
        else {
            for (int i = start; i <= end; ++i) {
                vector<TreeNode*> *leftSubTree = generateTreesDFS(start, i - 1);
                vector<TreeNode*> *rightSubTree = generateTreesDFS(i + 1, end);
                for (int j = 0; j < leftSubTree->size(); ++j) {
                    for (int k = 0; k < rightSubTree->size(); ++k) {
                        TreeNode *node = new TreeNode(i);
                        node->left = (*leftSubTree)[j];
                        node->right = (*rightSubTree)[k];
                        subTree->push_back(node);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return subTree;
    }
};