伍爾夫《一間屬于自己的房間》的首段，有著清晰的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，包括：主題的提出和界定，問題的提出，核心觀點，作者的主旨意圖，論證手法等等。

一、提出主題“女性與小說”

BUT，YOU MAY SAY, we asked you to speak about women and fiction—what has that got to with a room of once own? I will try to explain.

首句提出主題“女性與小說”，共情讀者，提出疑問：書名與主題有什么關(guān)系？激發(fā)好奇，“誘導(dǎo)”讀者往下讀。

二、思考探討主題內(nèi)涵

When you asked me to speak about women and fiction，I sat down on the banks of ariver and began to wonder what the words meant.

1、簡淺內(nèi)涵

They might mean simply a few remarks about Fanny Burney ; a few more about Jane Austen ; a tribute to the Bront?s and a sketch of Haworth Parsonage under snow ; some witticisms if possible about Miss Mitford ; a respectful allusion to George Eliot ; a reference to Mrs Gaskell and one would have done .

2、深入思考后，各種可能的內(nèi)涵

But at second sight the words seemed not so simple. The title women and fiction might mean , and you may have meant it to mean ，women and what they are like, or it might mean women and the fiction that they write; or it might meanwomen and the fiction that is written about them , or it might mean that some how all three are inextricably mixed together and you want me to consider them in that light .

首句拋出主題后，緊接著，對主題“女性與小說”，展開思考，作者思考的過程由淺至深。淺表層面，可以簡單談?wù)勚宰骷业娘L(fēng)格、故居、金句，向她們致敬等等，說說俏皮話。

但深入思考，主題可以是關(guān)于女性與女性形象、女性與女性創(chuàng)作的小說、女性和描寫女性的小說，或者三者兼顧。后文顯示三者兼顧其實是作者的意圖。

3. 內(nèi)涵界定，認(rèn)為自己無法給出定論（提出問題）

But when I began to consider the subject in this last way, which seemed the most interesting, I soon saw that it had one fatal drawback . I should never be able to come to a conclusion. I should never be able to fulfil what is, I understand , the first duty of a lecturer– to hand you after an hour’s discourse a nugget of pure truth to wrap up between the pages of your notebooks and keep on the mantel piece forever.

深入思考發(fā)現(xiàn)主題多層次且復(fù)雜性，作者認(rèn)為自己無法給出定論，無法履行通常人們對一個演講者的期待。這是一個問題，怎么辦呢？這是問題的提出。接下來是給出這個問題的解決方法，給出一個更微觀層面的想法。

三、給出核心觀點，表明論文主旨、意義

All I could do was to offer you an opinion upon one minor point–a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction; and that , as you will see , leaves the great problem of the true nature of woman and the true nature of fictionunsolved . I have shirked the duty of coming to a conclusion upon these two questions–women and fiction remain , so far as I am concerned , unsolved problems. But in order to make some amends I am going to do what I can to show you how I arrived at this opinion about the room and the money. I am going to develop in your presence as fully and freely as I can the train of thought which led me to think this. Perhaps if I lay bare the ideas, the prejudices, that lie behind this statement you will find that they have some bearing upon women and some upon fiction. At any rate, when a subject is highly controversial–and any question about sex is that–one cannot hope to tell the truth. One can only show how one came to hold whatever opinion one does hold . One can only give one’s audience the chance of drawing their own conclusionsas they observe the limitations , theprejudices , the idiosyncrasies of the speaker .

這個更微觀的想法，其實是作者的核心觀點：a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction，同時，作者要呈現(xiàn)核心觀點的“論證過程”，希望讀者做出自己的判斷。所以伍爾夫給出的是一個開放性的探討，希望讀者有自己的思考空間，這與書名“a room of one’s own” 相呼應(yīng)的，因為在英文里room除了房間的意思，也有空間的意思，一個屬于自己的思考空間。她鼓勵的是獨立思考，這也她全書的宗旨，擺脫父權(quán)社會給女性的桎梏，做一位經(jīng)濟(jì)和心智都自由的獨立女性。接下來伍爾夫說明，自己將會采取什么方法，來呈現(xiàn)自己是如何達(dá)到這個觀點的。

四、表明寫作手法

Fiction here is likely to contain more truth than fact . Therefore I propose , making use of all the liberties and licences of a novelist , to tell you the story of the two days that preceded my coming here – how , bowed down by the weight of the subject which you have laid upon my shoulders , I pondered it , and made it work in and out of my daily life . I need not say that what I am about to describe has no existence ; Oxbridge is an invention ; so is Fernham ; ‘ I ’is only a convenient term for somebody who hasno real being . Lies will flow from my lips , but there may perhaps be sometruth mixed up with them ; it is for you to seek out this truth and to decidewhether any part of it is worth keeping . If not , you will of course throw thewhole of it into the wastepaper basket and forget all about it .

就此而言，她認(rèn)為小說包含的真理多于事實，所以她將采取小說的手法，用第一人稱敘事的虛構(gòu)故事，來闡述自己的觀點，希望讀者自己來尋找自己認(rèn)可的真理。如果讀者發(fā)現(xiàn)是滿紙荒唐言，那就把書當(dāng)廢紙扔進(jìn)垃圾桶。

從這里也可以再一次地看到，伍爾夫作為當(dāng)時名聲雀躍的作家，不希望自己被當(dāng)成權(quán)威，其實底層傳達(dá)的信息還是鼓勵女性獨立思考判斷，等于是再次重申了本書的目的何在。其次也是在引導(dǎo)讀者如何來讀這本書。

所以，綜上所述，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)本書的首段邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是十分清晰的，而且有著嚴(yán)整的學(xué)術(shù)論文導(dǎo)入部分（introduction）的架構(gòu)。