http://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujinyi/p/4610050.html

創(chuàng)建用戶，用戶是跟著庫(kù)走，哪個(gè)庫(kù)下創(chuàng)建那個(gè)庫(kù)下驗(yàn)證。

use test
db.createUser(
{
user: "liyuhuan",
pwd: "jkinfo",
roles: [
{ role: "readWrite", db: "test" },{ role: "backup", db: "test" },{ role: "restore", db: "test" },{ role: "dbAdmin", db: "test" }
]
}
)

摘要：
MongoDB 3.0 安全權(quán)限訪問(wèn)控制，在添加用戶上面3.0版本和之前的版本有很大的區(qū)別，這里就說(shuō)明下3.0的添加用戶的方法。
環(huán)境、測(cè)試：
在安裝MongoDB之后，先關(guān)閉auth認(rèn)證，進(jìn)入查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，只有一個(gè)local庫(kù)，admin庫(kù)是不存在的：
root@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test2015-06-29T09:31:08.673-0400 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > show dbs;local 0.078GB

現(xiàn)在需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)帳號(hào)，該賬號(hào)需要有g(shù)rant權(quán)限，即：賬號(hào)管理的授權(quán)權(quán)限。注意一點(diǎn)，帳號(hào)是跟著庫(kù)走的，所以在指定庫(kù)里授權(quán)，必須也在指定庫(kù)里驗(yàn)證(auth)。

> use adminswitched to db admin>
 db.createUser({ user: "dba", pwd: "dba",roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]****... }... )**Successfully added user: { "user" : "dba", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}

上面加粗的就是執(zhí)行的命令：
user：用戶名
pwd：密碼
roles：指定用戶的角色，可以用一個(gè)空數(shù)組給新用戶設(shè)定空角色；在roles字段,可以指定內(nèi)置角色和用戶定義的角色。role里的角色可以選：

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具體角色：

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剛建立了 userAdminAnyDatabase 角色，用來(lái)管理用戶，可以通過(guò)這個(gè)角色來(lái)創(chuàng)建、刪除用戶。驗(yàn)證：需要開(kāi)啟auth參數(shù)。

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上面創(chuàng)建了2個(gè)帳號(hào)，現(xiàn)在驗(yàn)證下：驗(yàn)證前提需要一個(gè)集合

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db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2}) ** #插入失敗，沒(méi)有權(quán)限，userAdminAnyDatabase 權(quán)限只是針對(duì)用戶管理的，對(duì)其他是沒(méi)有權(quán)限的。WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on test to execute command { insert: "abc", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('55915185d629831d887ce2cb'), a: 1.0, b: 2.0 } ], ordered: true }" }})> byeroot@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test> use testswitched to db test> db.auth('zjy','zjy') ** #用創(chuàng)建的readWrite帳號(hào)進(jìn)行寫入1> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":11,"b":22})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":111,"b":222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("559151a1b78649ebd8316853"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151cab78649ebd8316854"), "a" : 11, "b" : 22 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151ceb78649ebd8316855"), "a" : 111, "b" : 222 }> db.auth('zjyr','zjyr') ** #切換到只有read權(quán)限的帳號(hào)**1> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) #不能寫入WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on test to execute command { insert: "abc", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('559151ebb78649ebd8316856'), a: 1111.0, b: 2222.0 } ], ordered: true }" }})> db.abc.find() #可以查看{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151a1b78649ebd8316853"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151cab78649ebd8316854"), "a" : 11, "b" : 22 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151ceb78649ebd8316855"), "a" : 111, "b" : 222 }

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有沒(méi)有一個(gè)超級(jí)權(quán)限？不僅可以授權(quán)，而且也可以對(duì)集合進(jìn)行任意操作？答案是肯定的，只是不建議使用。那就是role角色設(shè)置成root。

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db.auth('dba','dba')1>** db.createUser(... {... user: "zhoujinyi",... pwd: "zhoujinyi",... roles: [... { role: "root", db: "admin" } #超級(jí)root帳號(hào)... ]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "zhoujinyi", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> > show users; #查看當(dāng)前庫(kù)下的用戶{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('zhoujinyi','zhoujinyi')1> use testswitched to db test> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) ** #權(quán)限都有WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("5591539bb78649ebd8316857"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559153a0b78649ebd8316858"), "a" : 1111, "b" : 2222 }> db.abc.remove({})WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 2 })

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因?yàn)閹ぬ?hào)都是在當(dāng)前需要授權(quán)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)下授權(quán)的，那要是不在當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)下會(huì)怎么樣？

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dbadmin>** db.createUser(... {... user: "dxy",... pwd: "dxy",... roles: [... { role: "readWrite", db: "test" }, #在當(dāng)前庫(kù)下創(chuàng)建其他庫(kù)的帳號(hào)，在admin庫(kù)下創(chuàng)建test、abc庫(kù)的帳號(hào)... { role: "readWrite", db: "abc" } ... ]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "dxy", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> > show users;{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.dxy", "user" : "dxy", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> use testswitched to db test> db.auth('dxy','dxy') ** #在admin下創(chuàng)建的帳號(hào)，不能直接在其他庫(kù)驗(yàn)證，Error: 18 Authentication failed.0> use adminswitched to db admin ** #只能在帳號(hào)創(chuàng)建庫(kù)下認(rèn)證，再去其他庫(kù)進(jìn)行操作。**> db.auth('dxy','dxy')1> use testswitched to db test> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> use abcswitched to db abc> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

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上面更加進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)帳號(hào)是跟著數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)走的，哪里創(chuàng)建哪里認(rèn)證。
創(chuàng)建了這么多帳號(hào)，怎么查看所有帳號(hào)？

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use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('dba','dba')1>** db.system.users.find().pretty()**{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "KfDUzCOIUo7WVjFr64ZOcQ==", "storedKey" : "t4sPsKG2dXnZztVYj5EgdUzT9sc=", "serverKey" : "2vCGiq9NIc1zKqeEL6VvO4rP26A=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "test.zjyr", "user" : "zjyr", "db" : "test", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "h1gOW3J7wzJuTqgmmQgJKQ==", "storedKey" : "7lkoANdxM2py0qiDBzFaZYPp1cM=", "serverKey" : "Qyu6IRNyaKLUvqJ2CAa/tQYY36c=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "test" } ]}{ "_id" : "test.zjy", "user" : "zjy", "db" : "test", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "afwaKuTYPWwbDBduQ4Hm7g==", "storedKey" : "ebb2LYLn4hiOVlZqgrAKBdStfn8=", "serverKey" : "LG2qWwuuV+FNMmr9lWs+Rb3DIhQ=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "pE2cSOYtBOYevk8tqrwbSQ==", "storedKey" : "TwMxdnlB5Eiaqg4tNh9ByNuUp9A=", "serverKey" : "Mofr9ohVlFfR6/md4LMRkOhXouc=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.dxy", "user" : "dxy", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "XD6smcWX4tdg/ZJPoLxxRg==", "storedKey" : "F4uiayykHDp/r9krAKZjdr+gqjM=", "serverKey" : "Kf51IU9J3RIrB8CFn5Z5hEKMSkw=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> db.system.users.find().count()5

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備份還原使用那個(gè)角色的帳號(hào)？之前創(chuàng)建的帳號(hào)zjy:test庫(kù)讀寫權(quán)限；zjyr:test庫(kù)讀權(quán)限

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