登錄MySQL服務(wù)器
mysql -u root -p

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫
create database samp_db character set gbk;

查詢所有數(shù)據(jù)庫
show databases;

創(chuàng)建表
use samp_db;
create table students(
    id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,
    name char(8) not null,
    sex char(4) not null,
    age tinyint unsigned not null,
    tel char(15) null default "-"
);

向表中插入數(shù)據(jù)
insert into students values(NULL,"王剛" ,"男", 20,"13811371377");
insert into students values(NULL,"孫麗華" ,"女", 22,"18256973756");
insert into students values(NULL,"王永恒" ,"男", 23,"18812345678");
insert into students values(NULL,"李白" ,"男", 33,"17089898989");

查詢表中的數(shù)據(jù)
select * from students;
select name from students;

條件查詢
select * from students where sex="男";(查詢students表中男同學(xué))
select * from students where age=20;(查詢students表中年齡為20的學(xué)生)

更新表中的數(shù)據(jù)
update 表名稱 set 列名稱=新值 where 更新條件;
update students set age=21 where name="王剛";(將王剛的年齡改成21)
update students set tel=default where id=2;(將id為2的同學(xué)的手機(jī)號(hào)變成默認(rèn)值"-")
update students set name="張永恒",tel="1821324679" where name="王永恒";(將王永恒的名字改成張永恒，手機(jī)號(hào)改成18213245679)

刪除表中的數(shù)據(jù)
delete from 表名稱 where 刪除條件
delete from students where id=4;(刪除id=4的這個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)據(jù))
delete from students;(刪除表中所有數(shù)據(jù))

添加列
alter table 表名 add 列名 列數(shù)據(jù)類型 [after 插入位置];
alter table students add address char(60);(往students表中插入address列)
alter table students add birthday date after age;(向students表的age列之后插入birthday列)

修改列
alter table 表名 change 列名稱 列新名稱 新數(shù)據(jù)類型;
alter table students change tel telphone char(15) default "-";(將tel列名修改為telphone)

刪除列
alter table 表名 drop 列名稱;
alter table students drop birthday;(刪除students表中的birthday列)

重命名表
alter table 表名 rename 新表名;
alter table students rename workmates;(將students表名修改為workmates)

刪除整張表
drop table 表名;
drop table workmates;(刪除workmates表)

刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫
drop database 數(shù)據(jù)庫名
drop database samp_db;(刪除samp_db數(shù)據(jù)庫)